Exploring Twentieth-Century Music: Tradition and Innovation Book

	Preface
	Acknowledgements
1	The work in the world	1
	Western orientations	1
	Progressiveness and place	3
	City life	6
	Place, personality and Sibelius	8
	Environmental sensibilities	12
2	Reflections, reactions	15
	Debussy in the mirror	15
	Webern's tribute to perfection	21
	Form and content: Webern's Op. 27/iii	25
	Canonic resonances	30
3	Rites of renewal and remembrance	34
	Janacek's conventions	34
	Janacek in context	40
	Bartok and tradition	47
	Bartok in 1939	49
4	Transcending the secular	55
	From classical to neoclassical	55
	Dithyramb	62
	Here and now, there and then	65
5	Overlapping opposites: Schoenberg observed	73
	Character	73
	Models	75
	Meanings	80
	Music, religion, politics	84
6	The subject of Britten	89
	Fulfilment, frustration	89
	Masking Dionysus	96
	The constraints of genre	103
7	Engagement or alienation?	108
	Between politics and art	108
	Marxism and after: Kagel	113
	Beethoven and after: Tippett and Shostakovich	117
	Judging Schnittke	121
	Affirmation, irony	124
8	Rites of transformation	127
	Words about harmony	127
	Aspects of the Requiem: Mozart, Wagner, Henze	130
	Wagner, Britten, Henze	138
	The German labyrinth	142
9	Modernism, lyricism	145
	Shadow and symmetry	145
	Perspectives on Carter	150
	Angles on Birtwistle	157
10	Experiment and orthodoxy	167
	Minimalism, modernism, classicism	167
	The Dionysian clockwork	169
	Ways, means, materials	176
	Mechanical and spiritual	179
11	Modernism in retreat?	186
	What kind of century?	186
	Theory, science, semiotics	188
	Resonance in space	191
	Echoes of voice	197
	Songs of ambivalence and experience	199
	A final focus	204
	Notes	208
	Bibliography	223
	Index	233