Writing Conventions Book

Preface     xiii
Key Concepts in Writing and Reading     1
Composing Our Composing Processes     3
Posing[left and right arrow]Composing Processes of Writing     5
Writing Project Part 1     11
Responding to the Writing Situation     13
Using Language in Context     13
Material Resources of Writing     17
Writing Project Part 2     19
Expanding Your Toolkit of Composing Strategies     19
Some Cautions About How to Talk About Composing Processes     19
The writing[left and right arrow]reading[left and right arrow]thinking[left and right arrow]talking connection     19
Pre-writing, drafting, revision     21
Experimenting with Commonly Recommended Composing Strategies     23
Brainstorming     23
Proofreading     24
Outlining     24
Dictionary use, note-taking     25
Scrap files, note taking     26
Re-reading, satisficing, questioning     27
Collaborating     29
Writing Project Part 3     30
Conclusion     31
Assignments     31
Reading and Rereading     33
Writing Project Part 1     34
Identifying Habits of Reading     35
Writing Project Part 2     39
Reading in Academic Contexts     40
Writing Project Part 3     48
Reading to Revise and Make New Connections     49
Writing Project Part 4     58
Experimenting with Underlining and Reverse Underlining     58
Conclusion     61
Assignments     62
Composing Genres     65
Questions for Composing Genres     66
Writing Project Part 1 (A)     70
Writing Project Part 1 (B)     74
Strategies for Composing Genres in College     74
Learning an Assigned Genre's Expected Characteristics     75
Writing Project Part 2 (A)     82
Learning to Tinker with a Genre's Expected Characteristics     83
Writing Project Part 2 (B)     90
Writing Project Part 3     91
Conclusion     91
Assignments     92
Vocabulary: Composing the Meaning of Words     95
Learning a Specialized Vocabulary     96
The Meaning of a Word in Its Environment     96
Writing Project Part 1     98
Word Choice[left and right arrow]Thinking[left and right arrow]Living      99
Changes in Possibilities of Word Choice     102
Writing Project Part 2     103
Using Words Critically and Creatively     105
Introducing New Neighbors to an Established Word Environment     105
Writing Project Part 3 (A)     107
Researching Historical Shifts in the Meanings of Individual Words     108
Writing Project Part 3 (B)     111
Meshing the Specialized Vocabularies of Diverse Groups     112
Writing Project Part 3 (C)     114
Writing Project Part 4     114
Conclusion     115
Assignments     115
Audience: Composing Ways of Reading     118
Anticipating and Proposing an Audience     120
Anticipating and Proposing Ways of Reading     121
Getting Started: The Questions of Generic Features, Circumstances, and Past Reception     122
What type of writing am I expected to produce for this assignment?     122
Where and when is my work going to be evaluated?     123
What has the reaction been to similar types of writing on similar occasions?     123
Posing and Revising Audience When Reading and Writing     124
Proposing audience in writing     129
Writing Project Part 1     132
Strategies for Composing Audience     134
Looking at the Form of Assigned Readings     135
Writing Project Part 2 (A)     141
Imagining an Actual Reader's Response to My Writing     141
Writing Project Part 2 (B)     146
Reading a Text in a Different Context     147
Writing Project Part 2 (C)     154
Conclusion     155
Writing Project Part 3     156
Assignments     156
Purpose: Composing Goals When Reading and Writing     160
Setting General Purposes When Getting Started     161
Exploring Connections among Genre, Purpose, and Occasion     162
Assessing the Relations among Genre, Purpose, and Occasion     166
Writing Project Part 1     167
Adding and Revising Purposes When Writing     168
Allow Alternative Purposes to Emerge During Writing     169
Writing Project Part 2 (A)     173
Creating Breaks to Explore Alternative Purposes     174
Writing Project Part 2 (B)     177
Writing Project Part 2 (C)     182
Writing Project Part 3     183
Conclusion     183
Assignments     184
Error: Working Rules     188
Common Beliefs About Error     189
Seeing What May Be There on the Page     201
Proofreading Techniques     205
Summary of Proofreading Techniques     207
What to Do with What You've Seen: Working Rules     208
Working, Not Just Following, Rules     210
Matters of Agreement and Disagreement     214
Chapter Summary     220
Assignments     220
Selected Readings     223
"Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work"   Jean Anyon     225
"How to Tame a Wild Tongue"   Gloria Anzaldzua     252
"If Black English Isn't a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is?"   James Baldwin     262
"A New Poland, No Joke"   Sarah Boxer     265
"Little Miracles, Kept Promises"   Sandra Cisneros     269
"A Biological Homage to Mickey Mouse"   Stephen Jay Gould     279
"Theme for English B"   Langston Hughes     289
"Language and Science: Genetics, Embryology, and the Discourse of Gene Action"   Evelyn Fox Keller     290
"The Historical Structure of Scientific Discovery"   Thomas Kuhn     312
"Fences Against Freedom"   Leslie Marmon Silko      323
"Green Malls: The Color of Money"   Karen Springen   Stanford Kay     333
"Economy"   Henry David Thoreau     334
"The Bean Field"   Henry David Thoreau     385
"From a Native Daughter"   Haunani-Kay Trask     393
"In the Closet of the Soul"   Alice Walker     402
Assignment Sequences     413
Assignment Sequences     415
Writing History     416
Trask's View of History Writing     416
Trask's Writing of History     417
Testing Trask's Perspective on History Writing with Silko     417
Considering a Different View of History Writing: Thomas Kuhn     418
Kuhn's Writing of History     418
Testing Kuhn's Perspective on History Writing     418
Taking Stock of History Writing     419
History of Your Writing     420
Writing Science     420
Thomas Kuhn's Critique of Scientific Discovery     420
Applying Kuhn's Critique to Kuhn's Discovery     421
Keller on Science and Writing     422
Gould as a Test Case for Scientific Writing     422
Expanding Research on Science Writing     423
Drawing Conclusions      423
Writing Society     424
Anyon and Your Schooling     424
Applying Anyon's Approach to Anyon's Text     425
Your Writing as Work     426
Alice Walker and the Effects of Writing on Society     426
Anyon's and Walker's Writing as Work on Society     427
Another Voice on Writing and Society: Henry David Thoreau     427
Your Writing as Work on Society     428
Language and the Self     429
James Baldwin on Language and the Self     429
Baldwin's Argument and "Little Miracles"     429
Trask and Baldwin on Language and the Self     430
Adding Hughes to the Dialogue on Language and the Self     431
Your Language, Your Self     431
Credits     433
Index     435