Science and Technology in Historic Preservation, Vol. 4 Book

I.	Introduction
Chapter 1	The Opportunities and Challenges of Preservation Technologies	3
	Abstract	3
	Introduction	3
	Preservation Technology and Public Policy	4
	Digital Information Technologies	5
	Technology Issues	10
	The Preservation Technology Agenda of the Future	13
	Conclusion	17
	References	17
II.	Discovery, Documentation, and Analysis
Chapter 2	Remote Sensing Methods	21
	Abstract	21
	Introduction	21
	Remote Sensing and Multispectral Digital Imagery	23
	Sensors and Platforms	29
	Multispectral Digital Sensor Systems	33
	Airborne Sensors	37
	Portable Sensors	41
	Image Analysis Software/Hardware	44
	Conclusion	44
	Acknowledgements	45
	Notes	45
	References	46
Chapter 3	Near-Surface, High Resolution Geophysical Methods for Cultural Resource Management and Archaeological Investigations	53
	Abstract	53
	Introduction	54
	Geophysical Techniques	55
	Example	65
	Summary	68
	References	72
Chapter 4	Science-Based Dating Methods in Historic Preservation	75
	Abstract	75
	Introduction	75
	Radiocarbon	77
	Dendrochronology	90
	Archaeomagnetic Dating	91
	Obsidian Hydration	92
	Conclusion	94
	Acknowledgments	94
	References	95
Chapter 5	Nondestructive Testing of Historic Structures	97
	Abstract	97
	Introduction	97
	Operating Principles of NDT Methods	98
	Architectural Archaeometry	107
	Structural Analysis	109
	Materials Characterization	112
	Environmental Conditions	113
	Barriers to Implementation of NDT	114
	Research Needs	117
	References	117
Chapter 6	Recent Advances in Underwater Archaeology	121
	Abstract	121
	Introduction	121
	Where Are We?: Positioning the Research Vessel	122
	Where Are We?: Underwater Remote Sensing	125
	Joysticks and Sleds: Robotics and Towed Arrays	129
	We Got One ... Now What? Nondestructive Site Documentation	132
	Gettin' It Together: GIS and Underwater Archaeology	136
	Swimming Through History: Diving Technology	137
	Conclusion	139
	References	140
Chapter 7	Determination of Provenance	143
	Abstract	143
	Introduction	143
	Characterization Through Examination of Structure	145
	Characterization Through Identification of Raw Materials and Inclusions	150
	Characterization Through Multielement Compositional Analysis	152
	Multivariate Statistical Data Handling	160
	Characterization Through Ratios of Stable Isotopes	164
	Conclusion	168
	References	168
III.	Restoration and Conservation
Chapter 8	Technologies for Wood Preservation in Historic Preservation	173
	Abstract	173
	Introduction	173
	Wood Deterioration	175
	Technology for Preservation	178
	Summary	179
Chapter 9	Conservation of Cultural Materials from Underwater Sites	193
	Abstract	193
	Introduction	193
	Current Conservation Procedures	194
	Conservation of Metals Recovered from Marine Sites	195
	Conservation of Wood	209
	Leather Conservation	216
	Bone, Ivory	217
	Ceramics	219
	Glass Conservation	222
	Conclusion	223
	References	225
IV.	Management, Maintenance, and Protection
Chapter 10	Geographic Information Systems in Historic Preservation	231
	Abstract	231
	Introduction	231
	Automated Cartographic Display	232
	Site or Property Characterization and Inventory	233
	Conclusion	245
	References	245
Chapter 11	The Use of Computers in Cultural Resource Management	249
	Abstract	249
	Introduction	249
	Software Development in Cultural Resource Management	250
	CRM Computer Applications	251
	Archaeological Applications	254
	Collections Management Applications	256
	Multiple Resource Applications	258
	Conclusion	262
	Table of Sources	264
Chapter 12	Cultural Resource Management in Context	267
	Abstract	267
	Introduction	268
	The Legal Basis for Cultural Resource Management	271
	Philosophy	273
	Cultural Resource Management Participants	280
	Methods	282
	Summary	285
	References	286
Chapter 13	Technologies against Looting and Vandalism	291
	Abstract	291
	Introduction	291
	Legal Issues	299
	Additional Advantages of Remote Surveillance	302
	Types of Commercial Monitoring Systems	303
	Hiprotect	304
	Evaluating An Archaeological Resource for a Monitoring System	304
	Long Term Goals and Public Education	306
	References	307
Chapter 14	Technologies for In-Place Protection and Long-Term Conservation of Archaeological Sites	309
	Abstract	309
	Introduction	309
	Archaeological Sites and A Conservation Ethic	311
	Archaeological Site Protection Technologies and Strategies	312
	Management Guidelines and Strategies	326
	Technology Transfer	328
	Conclusions	329
	References	329
	About the Editors	333
	Index	335