Generalist Social Work Practice with Families Book

Preface     xiii
Foundations of Generalist Social Work Practice with Families     1
Generalist Practice with Families     3
Family Forms in American Society     5
A Brief History of Family Work     7
Foundations of Generalist Practice with Families     11
Family Systems Theory     11
An Ecological Perspective     14
A Strengths Approach     15
Human Diversity     15
Diversity Competence     17
The Family Ecosystem     21
Summary     22
Questions     22
Suggested Readings     22
Foundations of Generalist Social Work Practice     23
A Brief History of Generalist Practice in Social Work     24
The Johnson/Yanca Model of Generalist Practice     28
Concern or Need     29
Creative Blending of Knowledge, Values, and Skills     30
The Change Process     32
Diversity Competence     34
Two Intertwined Processes     34
The Environment as an Ecosystem     38
The Community     39
The Agency     47
Summary     50
Questions     51
Suggested Readings     51
Diversity Competent Practice with Families     53
Diversity Competent Practice     54
Becoming Diversity Competent     57
Gender Competent Practice with Families     60
Resources     65
Diversity Competent Practice with Gay and Lesbian Families     65
Resources     68
A Schema for Studying Families from Diverse Ethnic Groups     68
Diversity Competent Practice with African American Families     72
Historical Considerations     73
Cultural Patterns     74
Family     75
Communication Processes     75
Coping Patterns     76
Community Structure     76
Current Issues     77
Resources     77
Diversity Competent Practice with Hispanic/Latino Families     77
Historical Considerations     77
Cultural Patterns     78
Family     79
Communication Processes     79
Coping Patterns     79
Community Structure     80
Current Issues     80
Resources     81
Diversity Competent Practice with Native American Families      81
Historical Considerations     82
Cultural Patterns     82
Family     83
Communication Processes     83
Coping Patterns     83
Community Structure     84
Current Issues     84
Resources     84
Summary     85
Questions     86
Suggested Readings     86
Interaction and Engagement with Families     87
Engagement and Formation of an Action System     89
Engagement     90
Formation of an Action System with the Family     91
Blocks to Formation of an Action System     94
Forming an Action System with Other Members of the Ecosystem     97
Relationship     97
The Helping Relationship     98
Special Influences on the Helping Relationship     99
Communication     102
The Interview: An Interactional Tool     106
Preparing for an Interview     107
The Stages of an Interview     108
Skills Used by the Worker during the Interview     109
Summary     116
Questions     117
Suggested Readings     117
Generalist Social Work Practice with Families     118
Family Assessment     120
Selection of the Client System     121
The Assessment Process with Families     123
Important Elements of the Assessment Phase with Families     140
Stages in the Assessment Phase with Families     144
Identify the Initial Need or Concern     146
Identify the Nature of the Concern or Need and Decide If Family Work Is Needed     149
Identify Potential Strengths and Resources in the Family Ecosystem     149
Select and Collect Information Regarding the Family and Its Ecosystem     150
Analyze the Available Information     151
Transactional Assessment     152
The Dual Perspective     153
Mapping     154
Social Support Network Analysis     154
Summary     155
Questions     155
Suggested Readings     156
Planning with Families     157
Planning with Families     158
Components of a Plan     159
Goals, Objectives, and Tasks     159
Units of Attention     163
Strategy     164
Factors Affecting a Plan of Action     168
The Community     168
The Agency     170
The Social Issue     170
The Worker     171
The Family     173
Diversity and Populations at Risk     173
Strengths and Challenges of the Systems Involved     175
The Planning Process with Families     176
Agreement between Worker and Family     177
Summary     178
Questions     179
Suggested Readings     179
Direct Practice Actions with Families     180
Diversity Competent Practice Actions with Diverse Families     184
Gender Competent Practice Actions     184
Diversity Competent Practice Actions with African American Families     187
Diversity Competent Practice Actions with Hispanic/Latino Families     187
Action to Develop Relationships     188
Actions Taken to Enable Understanding of Person in Environment and Planning     189
Action to Enable Families to Use Available Resources     190
The Service Delivery System     190
Referral     193
Broker and Advocate Roles     194
Action to Empower and Enable Families     195
Empowerment     195
Enabling     198
Action in Response to Crisis      200
Recognizing Crisis     201
Responding to Crisis     202
Action That Is Supportive     204
Use of Activity as an Interventive Strategy with Families     207
Action as Mediation within the Family     210
Summary     212
Questions     212
Suggested Readings     213
Indirect Practice Actions with Families     214
Action as Mediation with the Family and the Environment     215
Action Involving the Use of Influence     217
Action to Change the Environment     220
Action to Coordinate Services     224
Case Management     226
Summary     230
Questions     230
Suggested Readings     230
Evaluation and Termination with Families     231
Kinds of Evaluation     233
Single-System Design and Research Techniques in Evaluation     235
Some Considerations Regarding Evaluation     239
Evaluation during Phases of the Change Process     240
Kinds of Termination     242
Planned Termination with Individual Family Members     246
Components of Termination     248
Disengagement      248
Stabilization of Change     249
Evaluation     250
Summary     252
Questions     253
Suggested Readings     253
Generalist Practice with Family Subsystems     254
Generalist Practice with Couples     256
Interaction and Engagement with Couples     258
Assessment with Couples     261
Assessment as a Process     262
Assessment as a Product     263
Planning with Couples     268
Direct Practice Actions with Couples     269
Action Taken to Empower or Enable Couples to Strengthen Their Relationship     269
Action Taken in Crisis Situations     274
Action Taken to Use Support in Working with Couples     275
Action Taken That Uses Activity with Couples     276
Action Taken to Mediate with Couples and between Couples and Their Environment     277
Indirect Practice Actions with Couples     278
Action That Involves the Use of Influence     278
Action Designed to Change the Environment     279
Action Relative to Coordination of Services     279
Evaluation and Termination with Couples     283
Generalist Practice with Couples Who Are Older      284
Summary     286
Questions     286
Suggested Readings     287
Generalist Practice with Parents     288
Interaction and Engagement with Parents     290
Assessment with Parents     293
Assessment as a Process     293
Assessment as a Product     295
Planning with Parents     300
Direct Practice Actions with Parents     301
Action Taken to Enable Parents to Know and Use Community Resources     303
Action Taken to Enable or Empower Parents     304
Action Taken in Crisis Situations     309
Action Taken to Use Support in Working with Parents     311
Action Taken That Uses Activity with Parents     313
Action Taken to Mediate with Parents and between Parents and Their Environment     314
Indirect Practice Actions with Parents     316
Action That Involves the Use of Influence     316
Action Designed to Change the Environment     318
Action Relative to Coordination of Services     318
Evaluation and Termination with Parents     319
Generalist Practice with Parents in Groups     321
Generalist Practice with Parents Who Are Older     321
Summary      323
Questions     323
Suggested Readings     323
Generalist Practice with Parent-Child Subsystems     325
Interaction and Engagement with Parent-Child Subsystems     326
Assessment with Parent-Child Subsystems     329
Assessment as a Process     329
Assessment as a Product     330
Planning with Parent-Child Subsystems     335
Direct Practice Actions with Parent-Child Subsystems     336
Action Taken to Enable Parent-Child Subsystems to Know and Use Community Resources     336
Action Taken to Enable or Empower Parent-Child Subsystems     337
Action Taken in Crisis Situations     340
Action Taken to Use Support in Working with Parent-Child Subsystems     341
Action Taken That Uses Activity with Parent-Child Subsystems     342
Action Taken to Mediate with Parent-Child Subsystems and with Their Environment     343
Indirect Practice Actions with Parent-Child Subsystems     343
Action That Involves the Use of Influence     344
Action Designed to Change the Environment     344
Action Relative to Coordination of Services     345
Evaluation and Termination with Parent-Child Subsystems     345
Generalist Practice with Older Parent-Adult Child Subsystems     346
Summary     350
Questions     350
Suggested Readings     350
Generalist Practice with Siblings     352
Interaction and Engagement with Sibling Subsystems     353
Assessment with Sibling Subsystems     354
Assessment as a Process     355
Assessment as a Product     356
Planning with Sibling Subsystems     360
Direct Practice Actions with Sibling Subsystems     361
Action Taken to Enable Siblings to Know and Use Community Resources     361
Action Taken to Enable or Empower Siblings     362
Action Taken in Crisis Situations     364
Action Taken to Use Support in Working with Siblings     365
Action Taken That Uses Activity with Siblings     366
Action Taken to Mediate with Siblings and with Their Environment     366
Indirect Practice Actions with Siblings     367
Action That Involves the Use of Influence     367
Action Designed to Change the Environment     367
Action Relative to Coordination of Services     368
Evaluation and Termination with Siblings     369
Summary     372
Questions     372
Suggested Readings      372
Good Practices with Families with Special Challenges     373
A Model for Good Practices in Generalist Social Work Practice     373
Case Management     374
Good Practices with Families with Members Who Abuse Substances     375
Good Practices with Families Experiencing Violence     377
Good Practices with Families Requiring Child Welfare Services     379
Good Practices with Families Experiencing Crime and Delinquency     383
Good Practices with Families with Members Who Are Mentally Disabled     385
Good Practices with Families with Members Who Are Older     388
Glossary     391
Notes     396
Index     404