Writing, A Guide for College and Beyond, Brief Edition Book

Preface

PART 1: THE WRITER AS EXPLORER

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1. Making Discoveries

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Look with new eyes

Make discoveries

Find a territory

Use guides

2. Reading to Explore

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Become a critical reader

Look with a critical eye

Read actively

Recognize fallacies

Respond as a reader

3. Planning a Journey

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Determine your direction

Write a thesis

Plan your route

4. Returning and Revising

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See again

Evaluate your draft

Respond to others

Pay attention to details

PART 2: THE WRITER AS GUIDE

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5. Writing in College

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Understand the demands of writing in college

Think about your aim

Think about your genre

6. Writing Effectively

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Understand the rhetorical situation

Think about your audience

Think about your credibility

Become a successful writer

Angela Yamashita, Got Roddick?

7. Reflecting

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Writing reflections

An effective reflection

Sue Kunitomi Embrey, Some Lines for a Younger Brother . . .

How to read reflections

Editorial

Bharati Mukherjee, Two Ways to Belong in America

Short story

Pam Houston, A Blizzard under Blue Sky

Memoir

Pablo Medina, Arrival: 1960

Essay

David Sedaris, Let it Snow

Blog

Jason Christopher Hartley, Just Another Soldier

Essay

Rick Bass, Why I Hunt: A Predator’s Meditation

Essay

Amy Tan, Mother Tongue

How to write a reflection

Student example

Janine Carter, The Miracle Quilt

Projects

8. Observing

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Writing observations

An effective observation

Annie Dillard, Living Like Weasels

How to read observations

Travel account

John Wesley Powell, The First Descent of the Grand Canyon

Photo essay

Ansel Adams, Photographs of Japanese-Americans at Manzanar

Essay

Jamaica Kincaid, A Small Place

Article

Tom Meagher and Suzanne Travers, Low Wages, Strong Backs

Travel account

Salman Hameed, The Travelogue of an Astronomer

How to write an observation

Student example

Megan Garza, Chemistry 105: An Analysis of Classroom Dynamics in a Large Lecture Course

Projects

9. Informing

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Reporting information

Effective informative writing

Samuel Wilson, The Emperor’s Giraffe

How to read informative writing

Profile

Harold Evans, Russell Simmons

Essay

Lori Gottlieb, How Do I Love Thee?

Instruction

Hugh McManners, Building a Shelter

Executive summary

The National Commission on Writing, A Ticket to Work . . . Or a Ticket Out

Informational Web site

Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park Visitor Information: View Lava Safely

How to write to inform

Student example

Lakshmi Kotra, The Life Cycle of Stars

Projects

10. Analyzing Texts

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Writing to analyze

Writing a rhetorical analysis

Writing a visual analysis

Writing a literary analysis

An effective analysis

Tim Collins, Straight from the Heart

How to read analyses

Article

David T.Z.Mindich, The Collapse of Big Media: The Young and the Restless

Essay

Gail Bederman, Race, Gender, and Civilization at the Columbian Exposition

Building

Frank Gehry, The Stata Center

Corporate logo

Landor Associates, Federal Express Logo

Product design

Volkswagen Beetle

Short story

Alice Walker, Everyday Use

Short story analysis

Shaunte Huff, “Make Something of Yourself”: Symbolism in Alice Walker's “Everyday Use”

Short story

Dagoberto Gilb, Love in LA

How to write an analysis

Student example

Grace Bernhardt, Investigating “Independence”: An Analysis of Frederick Douglass’ Speech, “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?”

Projects

11. Analyzing Causes

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Writing to analyze causes

An effective causal analysis

Stentor Danielson, Pesticides, Parasite May Cause Frog Deformities

How to read causal analyses

Essay

Ari Kelman, City of Nature: New Orleans' Blessing; New Orleans' Curse,

Essay

Jay Walljasper, If You Build It, They Will Come–on Foot

Essay

Emily Raine, Why Should I Be Nice To You? Coffee Shops and the Politics of Good Service

Article

Angela Cain, Barbie's Body May Be Perfect, but Critics Remind Us It's Plastic

Article

Thom Curtis, Television Violence and Aggression

Leaflet

Operation Iraqi Freedom Leaflets

How to write a causal analysis

Student example

Sean Booker, Borrowing Bling: The Appeal of Hip-hop to Young White Men

Projects

12. Evaluating

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Writing to evaluate

An effective evaluation

Lefteris Pavlides, The Aesthetics of Wind Power

How to read evaluations

Opinion

David Byrne, Learning to Love PowerPoint

Opinion

Edward Tufte, PowerPoint Is Evil

Review

Dan Crane, McNasty: The New "Healthy" Fast Food Items Taste Bad (and aren't so healthy either)

Essay

Michael Eric Dyson, Gangsta Rap and American Culture

Article

Stephanie Rosenbloom, The Nitpicking Nation

How to write an evaluation

Student example

Rashaun Giddens, Stop Loss or “Loss of Trust”

Projects

13. Arguing for a Position

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Writing a position argument

An effective position argument

Ted Koppel, Take My Privacy, Please!

How to read position arguments

Speech

Frederick Douglass, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?

Speech

Chief Seattle, Treaty Oration, 1854

Article

Michel Marriott, The Color of Mayhem

Letter

Steven Johnson, Hillary vs, “Grand Theft Auto”

Article

Meredith Clark, Life without Health Insurance

Advertisements

Buff Daddy

Food Cops Bust Cookie Monster

How to write a position argument

Student example

Chris Nguyen, Speech Doesn’t Have to be Pretty to be Protected

Projects

14. Arguing for Change

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Making an argument for change

An effective argument for change

Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence

How to read arguments for change

Essay

Paul Saffo, A Trail of DNA and Data

Article

Thomas Homer-Dixon and S. Julio Friedmann, Coal in a Nice Shade of Green

Speech

Richard Nixon, Building the Interstate Highway System

Grant proposal

Monterey County Fire Chiefs Association, Breaking the Fire Department’s Language Barrier

Web site

United States Marine Corps, Recruitment Web Site

Article

Nancy Clark, Mirror, Mirror on the Wall, Are Muscular Men the Best of All?

How to write an argument for change

Student example

Kim Lee, Let’s Make It a Real Melting Pot with Presidential Hopes for All

Projects

PART 3: THE WRITER AS RESEARCHER

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15. Planning Research

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Analyze the research task

Ask a question

Determine what you need

Draft a working thesis

How to plan research

Researcher at work

16. Exploring Libraries

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Determine the print sources you need

Search using keywords

Find books

Find journal articles

Evaluate print sources

Start a working bibliography

How to explore libraries

Researcher at work

17. Exploring Online Libraries

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Find information in databases

Construct effective searches

Locate elements of a citation

How to explore online libraries

Researcher at work

18. Exploring the Web

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Find information on the Web

Evaluate Web sources

Find visual sources online

How to explore the Web

Researcher at work

19. Exploring in the Field

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Conduct interviews

Administer surveys

Make observations

How to conduct field research

Researcher at work

20. Writing the Research Paper

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Plan your organization

Avoid plagiarism

Quote sources without plagiarizing

Summarize and paraphrase sources without plagiarizing

Incorporate quotations

Incorporate visuals

How to write a research paper

Researcher at work

21. MLA Documentation

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Elements of MLA documentation

Entries in the list of works cited

In-text citations in MLA style

Books in MLA-style works cited

Periodicals in MLA-style works cited

Visual sources in MLA-style works cited

Online sources in MLA-style works cited

Other sources in MLA-style works cited

Sample MLA paper

George Abukar, It’s Time to Shut Down the Identity Theft Racket

22. APA Documentation

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APA citations

In-text citations in APA style

Books in APA-style references list

Periodicals in APA-style references list

Online sources in APA-style references list

Other sources in APA-style references list

APA reports of research

Sample APA paper

Don Sabo, Kathleen E. Miller, Merrill J. Melnick, and Leslie Heywood, Her Life Depends on It

PART 4: THE WRITER AS DESIGNER

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23. Thinking Visually

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Communicate with visuals and words

Understand visual and verbal concepts

24. Creating Visuals

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Know when to use images and graphics

Take pictures that aren’t boring

Compose images

Edit images

Create tables, charts, and graphs

25. Designing for Print

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Start with your readers

Use headings and subheadings effectively

Design pages

Understand typography

26. Designing a Web Site

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Plan a Web site

Make your site visually effective

Make navigation easy

27. Delivering Presentations

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Plan a presentation

Design effective visuals

Give a memorable presentation

28. Working as a Team

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Organize a team

Understand the team process

Work as a team

Appendices

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Writing essay exams

Creating portfolios