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Remarks on Volume 2 xvii
Part I Processing of Thermoplastic Polymers
1 Flow of Polymeric Liquid in Complex Geometry 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Flow through a Rectangular Channel 4
1.2.1 Flow Patterns in a Rectangular Channel 4
1.2.2 Extrudate Swell from a Rectangular Channel 6
1.2.3 Analysis of Flow though a Rectangular Channel 6
1.3 Flow in the Entrance Region of a Slit Die 20
1.4 Flow through a Converging or Tapered Channel 25
1.5 Exit Region Flow 32
1.6 Flow through a Channel Having Small Side Holes or Slots 35
1.7 Analysis of Flow in a Coat-Hanger Die 40
1.7.1 Analysis of Flow in the Manifold 42
1.7.2 Analysis of Flow in the Coat-Hanger Section 45
1.8 Summary 48
Problems 49
Notes 53
References 54
2 Plasticating Single-Screw Extrusion 56
2.1 Introduction 56
2.2 Performance of Plasticating Single-Screw Extruders for Semicrystalline Polymers 57
2.2.1 Analysis of the Solid-Conveying Section 59
2.2.2 Analysis of the Melting Section 60
2.2.3 Analysis of Melt-Conveying Section 67
2.2.4 Comparison of Prediction with Experiment 68
2.3 Performance of Fluted Mixing Heads in a Plasticating Single-Screw Extruder 85
2.3.1 Analysis of the Flow through the Maddock Mixing Head 86
2.3.2 Comparison of Prediction with Experiment 90
2.4 Performance of Plasticating Barrier-Screw Extruders 98
2.4.1 Stability of the Solid Bed in Plasticating Barrier-Screw Extruder 102
2.4.2 Analysis of the Performance of Plasticating Barrier-Screw Extruders 107
2.4.3 Comparison of Prediction with Experiment 111
2.5 Performance of Plasticating Single-Screw Extruders for Amorphous Polymers 114
2.5.1 The Concept of Critical Flow Temperature 115
2.5.2 Analysisof Plasticating Extrusion of Amorphous Polymers 116
2.5.3 Comparison of Prediction with Experiment 119
2.6 Summary 128
Notes 129
References 130
3 Morphology Evolution in Immiscible Polymer Blends during Compounding 132
3.1 Introduction 132
3.2 Morphology Evolution in Immiscible Polymer Blend during Compounding in an Internal Mixer 134
3.2.1 Morphology Evolution in Blends Consisting of Two Semicrystalline Polymers 137
3.2.2 Morphology Evolution in Blends Consisting of Two Amorphous Polymers 140
3.2.3 Morphology Evolution in Blends Consisting of an Amorphous Polymer and a Semicrystalline Polymer 144
3.3 Morphology Evolution in Immiscible Polymer Blend during Compounding in a Twin-Screw Extruder 154
3.3.1 Morphology Evolution in Blends Consisting of Two Amorphous Polymers 156
3.3.2 Morphology Evolution in Blends Consisting of an Amorphous Polymer and a Semicrystalline Polymer 161
3.4 Stability of Co-Continuous Morphology during Compounding 169
3.5 Summary 174
Appendix Theoretical Interpretation of Figure 3.34 177
Notes 179
References 179
4 Compatibilization of Two Immiscible Homopolymers 181
4.1 Introduction 181
4.2 Experimental Observations of Compatibilization of Two Immiscible Homopolymers Using a Block Copolymer 186
4.2.1 A/B/(A-block-B) Ternary Blends 187
4.2.2 A/B/(A-block-C) Ternary Blends 194
4.2.3 A/B/(C-block-D) Ternary Blends 210
4.3 Reactive Compatibilization of Two Immiscible Polymers 224
4.4 Summary 229
Notes 231
References 232
5 Wire-Coating Extrusion 235
5.1 Introduction 235
5.2 Analysis of Wire-Coating Extrusion 236
5.3 Experimental Observations 245
5.4 Summary 253
Problems 255
Notes 256
References 256
6 Fiber Spinning 257
6.1 Introduction 257
6.2 Fiber Spinning Processes 258
6.2.1 Melt Spinning Process 258
6.2.2 Wet Spinning Process 260
6.2.3 Dry Spinning Process 262
6.2.4 Other Fiber Spinning Processes 263
6.3 High-Speed Melt Spinning 268
6.3.1 Experimental Observations of High-Speed Melt Spinning 269
6.3.2 Modeling of High-Speed Melt Spinning 273
6.3.3 Model Prediction and Comparison with Experiment 284
6.4 Spinnability 294
6.5 Summary 296
Problems 297
Notes 300
7 Tubular Film Blowing 305
7.1 Introduction 305
7.2 Processing Characteristics of Tubular Film Blowing 307
7.2.1 Kinematics and Stress Field in Tubular Film Blowing 308
7.2.2 Tensile Stresses at the Freeze Line and Processing-Property Relationships in Tubular Film Blowing 311
7.3 Analysis of Tubular Film Blowing Including Extrudate Swell 317
7.3.1 Force Balance Equation 319
7.3.2 Energy Balance Equation 322
7.3.3 Viscoelastic Constitutive Equation 323
7.3.4 Analysis of Tubular Film Blowing in the Extrudate Swell Region 326
7.3.5 Analysis of Tubular Film Blowing in the Stretching Region 329
7.3.6 Model Predictions and Comparison with Experiment 330
7.4 Tubular Film Blowability 341
7.5 Summary 346
Problems 348
Notes 348
References 349
8 Injection Molding 351
8.1 Introduction 351
8.2 Flow of Molten Polymer through a Runner 354
8.3 Injection Molding of Amorphous Polymers 358
8.3.1 Flow Patterns during Mold Filling 358
8.3.2 Governing System Equations for Mold Filling of Amorphous Polymers 363
8.3.3 Molecular Orientation during Mold Filling and Residual Stress in Injection Molded Articles 366
8.4 Injection Molding of Semicrystalline Polymers 370
8.4.1 Crystallization during Injection Molding 370
8.4.2 Governing System Equations for Injection Molding of Semicrystalline Polymers 372
8.4.3 Morphology of Injected-Molded Semicrystalline Polymers 373
8.5 Summary 375
Notes 376
References 376
9 Coextrusion 379
9.1 Introduction 379
9.2 Coextrusion Die Systems 382
9.2.1 Feedblock Die System for Flat-Film or Sheet Coextrusion 382
9.2.2 Multimanifold Die System for Flat-Film or Sheet Coextrusion 383
9.2.3 Feedblock Die system for Blown-Film Coextrusion 384
9.2.4 Rotating-Mandrel Die System for Blown-Film Coextrusion 386
9.3 Polymer-Polymer Interdiffusion across the Initially Sharp and Flat Interface 388
9.3.1 Polymer-Polymer Interdiffusion under Static Conditions 389
9.3.2 Polymer-Polymer Interdiffusion in the Shear Flow Field 400
9.4 Nonisothermal Coextrusion 407
9.5 Summary 417
Appendix Derivation of Equation (9.36) 418
Problems 419
Notes 421
References 421
10 Foam Extrusion 424
10.1 Introduction 424
10.2 Solubility and Diffusivity of Gases in a Molten Polymer 425
10.2.1 Solubility of Gases in a Molten Polymer 425
10.2.2 Diffusivity of Gases in a Molten Polymer 433
10.3 Bubble Nucleation in Polymeric Liquids 443
10.3.1 Experimental Observations of Bubble Nucleation 446
10.3.2 Theoretical Considerations of Bubble Nucleation in Polymer Solutions 462
10.4 Foam Extrusion 468
10.4.1 Processing-Property-Morphology Relationship in Profile Foam Extrusion 469
10.4.2 Processing-Property Relationships in Sheet Foam Extrusion 482
10.5 Summary 487
Problems 488
Notes 489
References 489
Part II Processing of Thermosets
11 Reaction Injection Molding 495
11.1 Introduction 495
11.2 Analysis of Reaction Injection Molding 497
11.2.1 Main Flow 498
11.2.2 Front Flow 501
11.2.3 Cure Stage 502
11.2.4 Chemorheological Model 503
11.3 Conversion and Temperature Profiles during Mold Filling 503
11.4 Summary 512
Problems 513
Notes 514
References 515
12 Pultrusion of Thermoset/Fiber Composites 517
12.1 Introduction 517
12.2 Effect of Mixed Initiators on the Cure Kinetics of Unsaturated Polyester 519
12.3 Cure Kinetics of Unsaturated Polyester/Fiber Composite 525
12.4 Analysis of the Pultrusion of Thermoset/Fiber Composite 528
12.4.1 General System Equations 528
12.4.2 System Equations with an Empirical Kinetic Model 530
12.4.3 System Equations with a Mechanistic Kientic Model 531
12.5 Conversion and Temperature Profiles in a Pultrusion Die 531
12.6 Summary 540
Problems 541
References 542
13 Compression Molding of Thermoset/Fiber Composities 544
13.1 Introduction 544
13.2 Thickening Behavior of Unsaturated Polyester 547
13.3 Effect of Pressure on the Curing of Unsaturated Polyester 552
13.4 Analysis of Compression Molding of Unsaturated Polyester/Glass Fiber Composite 561
13.5 Time Evolution of Temperature during Compression Molding of Unsaturated Polyester/Glass Fiber Composite 564
13.6 Summary 568
References 569
Author Index 571
Subject Index 578
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Add Rheology and Processing of Polymeric Materials: Volume 2: Polymer Processing, Volume 2 presents the fundamental principles related to polymer processign operations including the processing of thermoplastic polymers and thermosets. The objective of this volume is not to provide recipies that necessarily guarantee better product qual, Rheology and Processing of Polymeric Materials: Volume 2: Polymer Processing to the inventory that you are selling on WonderClubX
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Add Rheology and Processing of Polymeric Materials: Volume 2: Polymer Processing, Volume 2 presents the fundamental principles related to polymer processign operations including the processing of thermoplastic polymers and thermosets. The objective of this volume is not to provide recipies that necessarily guarantee better product qual, Rheology and Processing of Polymeric Materials: Volume 2: Polymer Processing to your collection on WonderClub |