From Phonics to Fluency: Effective Teaching of Decoding and Reading Fluency in the Elementary School Book

PREFACE

FOREWORD

CHAPTER 1. Word Study and Fluency

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 2. Basic Concepts and Terminology

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 3. Assessing Word Recognition and Reading Fluency

Initial Assessment

Measuring Continuous Progress and Making Initial Diagnoses

Diagnostic Assessment

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 4. Instructional Routines for Word Study and Fluency

Planning a Word-Learning Curriculum

Principles for Routines

Types of Routines

When Readers Struggle

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 5. Using Authentic Texts to Learn New Words and Develop Fluency

What Is Easy to Read?

Types of Authentic Text

Using Authentic Text

Just Good Books

Texts and Phonics

Dictated Texts

Texts and Reading Fluency

In Conclusion

References

Children’s Literature Cited

CHAPTER 6. Teaching Phonemic Awareness

Assessing Phonemic Awareness

Teaching and Nurturing Phonemic Awareness through Text Play and Writing

Teaching and Nurturing Phonemic Awareness through More Focused Activities

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 7. Onsets, Rimes, and Basic Phonic Patterns

Beginning Letter-Sound (Onsets) Relationships

Moving on to Patterns (Rimes) Beyond Initial Letters

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 8. Teaching Advanced Word Patterns

Teaching Affixes

Teaching Derivational Patterns

Be Creative with Word Study

In Conclusion

Appendix: Essential Words and Derivations for Upper Elementary and Middle Grades

References

CHAPTER 9. Word Walls

What Is a Word Wall?

Sources of Words

Using Word Walls

In Conclusion

References

Children’s Literature Cited

CHAPTER 10. Building Words

Making and Writing Words

Making and Writing Words Using Letter Patterns

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 11. Word Banks and Word Sorts

What Is a Word Bank?

Using Word Banks

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 12. Contextual Word Recognition

What Is Context?

Why Is Context Important?

Talking about Context

Cloze and Maze Activities

Helping Readers See Their Options

In Conclusion

References

Children’s Literature Cited

CHAPTER 13. Student-Created Texts and Word Learning

What Is LEA?

LEA: The Basics

Obtaining Dictations

LEA and Individual Students

Using LEA Texts for Extended Reading and Word Exploration

Copy Change

In Conclusion

References

Children’s Literature Cited

CHAPTER 14. Word Games

Wordo

Word War

Pick Up Sticks

Match (Concentration)

Go Fish

Make Words with Cubes

Word Maker Cups

Scattergories

Sentencing

Other Games

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 15. Spelling and Word Learning

Learning about Written Language through Spelling Approximations

Discovering What Children Know about Sounds through Spelling

Supporting Young Writers

Parents and the Spelling Program

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 16. Beyond Word Study: Reading Fluency

What Is Fluency?

Why Is Fluency Important?

Helping Students Become Fluent Readers

Focus on Phrases and Phrase Boundaries

Choose Texts Carefully

Synergistic Instruction—The Fluency Development Lesson

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 17. Teaching Phonics and Fluency: Making Critical Choices for Authentic and Effective Instruction

Our Orientation for This Book

The Sad Reality

Fluency Too

Choose Wisely

In Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 18. Involving Parents in Word Study and Reading Fluency Instruction

Advising Parents

Literacy at Home

Reading to Children

Writing at Home

Captioned Television

More Home Activities for Improving Word Recognition

Family Workshops

Systematic Routines

In Conclusion

References

APPENDIX A: Common Rimes (Phonograms or Word Families)

APPENDIX B: Fry Instant Word List

APPENDIX C: Prefixes

APPENDIX D: Suffixes

APPENDIX E: Greek and Latin Word Patterns

APPENDIX F: Websites for Word Study

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