Great White Sharks : The Biology of Carcharodon Carcharias Book

	Contributors
	Acknowledgments
1	White Shark Research in the Past: A Perspective	3
2	A Plea for White Shark Conservation	5
3	Using Tooth Structure to Determine the Evolutionary History of the White Shark	9
4	The Fossil History of Carcharodon and Its Possible Ancestor, Cretolamna: A Study in Tooth Identification	19
5	Evolutionary Relationships of the White Shark: A Phylogeny of Lamniform Sharks Based on Dental Morphology	37
6	Systematics of the Lamnidae and the Origination Time of Carcharodon carcharias Inferred from the Comparative Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Sequences	49
7	Size and Skeletal Anatomy of the Giant "Megatooth" Shark Carcharodon megalodon	55
8	Paleoecology of Fossil White Sharks	67
9	Using Allometry to Predict Body Mass from Linear Measurements of the White Shark	81
10	A Review of Length Validation Methods and Protocols to Measure Large White Sharks	91
11	Temperature, Swimming Depth, and Movements of a White Shark at the South Farallon Islands, California	111
12	The Brain and Cranial Nerves of the White Shark: An Evolutionary Perspective	121
13	Reproduction in the Male White Shark	131
14	Pregnant White Sharks and Full-Term Embryos from Japan	139
15	Observations on a Pregnant White Shark with a Review of Reproductive Biology	157
16	The Behavior of White Sharks and Their Pinniped Prey during Predatory Attacks	175
17	Diving Behavior of Elephant Seals: Implications for Predator Avoidance	193
18	Repetitive Aerial Jaw Gaping: A Thwart-Induced Behavior in White Sharks	207
19	White Shark Attacks on Inanimate Objects along the Pacific Coast of North America	217
20	Observations of White Shark Reactions to Unbaited Decoys	223
21	Shape Discrimination and Visual Predatory Tactics in White Sharks	229
22	Tail Slap and Breach: Agonistic Displays among White Sharks?	241
23	Behavior of the White Shark: An Emerging Picture	257
24	White Shark Predation on Four Pinniped Species in Central California Waters: Geographic and Temporal Patterns Inferred from Wounded Carcasses	263
25	Tidal Height and White Shark Predation at the South Farallon Islands, California	275
26	Environmental Factors Affecting the Occurrence and Behavior of White Sharks at the Farallon Islands, California	281
27	White Shark Predation and Scavenging on Cetaceans in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean	293
28	White Shark-Inflicted Wounds of Sea Otters in California, 1968-1992	309
29	Records of White Shark-Bitten Leatherback Sea Turtles along the Central California Coast	317
30	Distribution and Autecology of the White Shark in the Eastern North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea	321
31	Occurrence of the White Shark along the Brazilian Coast	347
32	Catches of White Sharks in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and Environmental Influences	351
33	Residency Patterns of White Sharks at the South Farallon Islands, California	365
34	Trends in White Shark Predation at the South Farallon Islands, 1968-1993	375
35	Population Dynamics of White Sharks in South Africa	381
36	First Estimates of Mortality and Population Size on the South African Coast	393
37	Population Dynamics of White Sharks in Spencer Gulf, South Australia	401
38	An Evaluation of Methodologies to Study the Population Biology of White Sharks	415
39	White Shark Attacks in the Eastern Pacific Ocean: An Update and Analysis	419
40	Unprovoked Attacks by White Sharks off the South African Coast	435
41	White Shark Attacks in Australian Waters	449
42	Worldwide Patterns of White Shark Attacks on Humans	457
43	Chemical Repellent Tests on White Sharks, with Comments on Repellent Delivery Methods	471
44	Comments on Means for Avoidance or Deterrence of White Shark Attacks on Humans	477
45	More Rare Than Dangerous: A Case Study of White Shark Conservation in California	481
	References	493
	Index	515