Electronic Materials and Devices Book

Preface
1. Introduction
1.1 Modern VLSI
1.2 The Driving Forces for Continued Integration Growth
1.3 Moore's Law
1.4 Types of Materials References

2. The Crystalline Nature of Materials
2.1 The Various States of Matter
2.2 Space Lattices
2.3 Crystalline Directions
2.4 X-Ray Diffraction References Problems

3. The Wave Mechanics of Electrons
3.1 The Photoelectric Effect
3.2 Electrons as Waves
3.3 The Schrödinger Equation
3.4 Some Simple Potentials
3.5 Tunneling Through Barriers
3.6 Quantum Wells
3.7 The Particle in a Box
3.8 Atomic Energy Levels References Problems

4. Semiconductors
4.1 Periodic Potentials
4.2 Bloch's Theorem and Brillouin Zones
4.3 The Kronig-Penney Model
4.4 Nearest-Neighbor Coupling-The Tight-Binding Approach
4.5 Three Dimensions and the Band Structure for Si and GaAs
4.6 Effective Mass of the Electron
4.7 Alloys and Heterostructures
4.8 The Atoms in Motion
4.9 Types of Materials Problems

5. Electrical Transport
5.1 Fermi-Dirac Statistics
5.2 Intrinsic Semiconductors
5.3 Extrinsic Semiconductors
5.4 Electrical Conductivity
5.5 Conductivity in a Magnetic Field
5.5.1 Low Magnetic Field
5.5.2 High Magnetic Field
5.5.3 The Quantum Hall Effect
5.6 Majority and Minority Carriers
5.7 Lifetimes, Recombination, and the Diffusion Equation
5.8 The Work Function References Problems

6. Semiconductor Devices
6.1 The p-n Junction
6.1.1 Electrostatics of the p-n Junction
6.1.2 Current Flow in p-n Junctions
6.1.3 Diodes Under Large Reverse Bias
6.2 The Bipolar Transistor
6.2.1 Current Flow in the BJT
6.2.2 The Current Gain a
6.3 The Metal-Semiconductor Junction
6.4 The Schottky-Gate Transistor
6.5 The Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET)
6.5.1 The MOS Structure and the Surface Channel
6.5.2 The MOSFET Characteristics
6.6 The High-Electron-Mobility Transistor
6.7 Complementary MOS Structures
6.7.1 The Complementary Circuit
6.7.2 The DRAM Cell References Problems

7. Dielectric Material
7.1 Dielectric Effects
7.1.1 Lattice Polarization
7.1.2 Electronic Polarizability
7.2 Piezoelectric Effects
7.3 Ferroelectric Material
7.4 Pyroelectric Effects
7.5 Micro-Electro-Mechanical Structures References Problems

8. Optoelectronics
8.1 Photo-Detection Devices
8.1.1 Photoconductivity
8.1.2 Transverse Photo-Voltage
8.1.3 Pyroelectric Detectors
8.1.4 Photo-Diodes
8.2 Spontaneous and Stimulated Emission
8.3 Lasers
8.4 Semiconductor Lasers Problems

9. Magnetic Materials
9.1 Magnetic Susceptibility
9.2 Diamagnetism
9.3 Paramagnetism
9.4 Ferromagnetism
9.5 Giant Magnetoresistance
9.6 Magnetic Memory References Problems

10. Superconductivity
10.1 Properties of Superconductors
10.2 The Meissner Effect
10.3 The London Equations
10.4 The BCS Theory
10.5 Superconducting Tunneling
10.6 High-Tc Materials References Problems

Appendices A. The Hydrogen Atom A.1 Separation of the Angular Equation A.2 The Radial Equation

B. Impurity Insertion B.1 Impurity Diffusion B.2 Ion Implantation

C. Semiconductor Properties

D. Some Fundamental Constants

Index