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UNIT 1. Conception to Birth
1. Brave New Babies, Claudia Kalb,
Newsweek, January 26, 2004
Advances in fertility technology are giving couples the power to choose the sex of their baby. Claudia Kalb discusses the
technology and ethics of “
sex selection.”
Medical advances in surgical procedures for
in utero patients are changing the way people view the earliest stages of life. Due to such improvements in science and medicine, unborn babies are now considered treatable patients, though there are
ethical complications as to whether the benefits outweigh the costs.
Part A. Early Cognition and Physical Development Part B. Learning in School Part A. The Child’s Feelings: Emotional Development Part B. Entry into the Social World: Peers, Play, and Popularity Part A. Social and Cultural Issues Part B. Special Challenges
Newsweek, August 15, 2005Psychologists are learning more about
infants’ social, emotional, and cognitive skills. New insights come from studying
brain development, leading to a more detailed picture of the baby’s mind.
Young Children, July 2005This article describes how
developmentally appropriate practice by teachers and parents can enhance children’s
brain development. Research is described on how experiences can affect the development of
synapses and levels of stress hormones,all to support children’s
cognitive, social, and emotional growth.
Psychological Science, September 2004Our ability to
remember early experiences reflects the contributions of different developmental processes. These leading scientists emphasize the roles of
culture, narrative, styles of reminiscing, and gender in our ability to recall our early experiences.
6. Gender Bender, Sadie F. Dingfelder,
APA Monitor on Psychology, April 2004The author describes recent research evidence on
the role of genes and prenatal hormones in gender identity and gender-related behaviors. These findings help illuminate the interplay between
nature and nurture in boys’ and girls’ behavior.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, February 2005Normal children develop a
theory of mind—they learn to understand other people’s feelings and points of view. These scientists describe research on the crucial role of
maternal conversation and language interventions to promote children’s understanding of mental states.
8. A Deeper Sense of Literacy, Cynthia L. Scheibe,
American Behavioral Scientist, September 2004Children may be influenced by the images and messages within media, so
teaching media literacy in the primary grades may help children develop
critical thinking and technological competence. Scheibe describes her work with examples from
social studies and language arts in the classroom.
9. Parental School Involvement and Children’s Academic Achievement, Nancy E. Hill and Lorraine C. Taylor,
Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 13, 2004
Collaborations between schools and families promote children’s
academic performance, and the authors describe research and policy recommendations on such healthy interaction. Involvement is considered in light of
socioeconomic, community, and cultural context as well as children’s developmental levels.
Newsweek, January 30, 2006After public debate about the challenges girls faced in
public education, attention has turned to
boys, who receive
lower grades and are diagnosed more often with
learning disabilities. The author discusses many influences, ranging from temperament, evolution, and the
structure of classrooms.
State Legislatures, June 2005Young children who attend
preschool seem to enjoy many later benefits in
school readiness. This article addresses
socioeconomic factors and legislative actions that influence young children’s preschool involvement.
UNIT 3. Social and Emotional Development
Young Children, January 2005Some children show
resiliency, the ability to develop normally and thrive despite the presence of risk factors in their lives. This article describes factors that are common in resilient children, including heightened
sensory awareness and
high expectations from others.
13. Friendship Quality and Social Development, Thomas J. Berndt,
Current Directions in Psychological Science, February 2002
Do childhood friendships dictate future success in the social world? Recent research suggests that they do. Interestingly, when examining
social development in children, the
quality of a friendship does not appear to be an indicator of how much friends influence each other.
14. Loneliness and Peer Relations in Childhood, Steven R. Asher and Julie A. Paquette,
Current Directions in Psychological Science, June 2003Some children are chronically lonely. Research shows this dimension of children’s social development is
linked to being rejected and victimized by peers. The authors discuss how loneliness is related to
children’s emotional maladjustment and school problems.
15. The Power of Make-Believe, Sora Song,
Time, February 14, 2005
Imaginary playmates are common in children’s lives, and they seem to promote development by
providing companionship and helping children use their
imagination to resolve emotional issues and problem situations.
16. Gender and Group Process: A Developmental Perspective, Eleanor E. Maccoby,
Current Directions in Psychological Science, April 2002This psychologist describes how much of
children’s gender socialization occurs within same-sex social groups. Interestingly, many
sex-related qualities and behaviors emerge within a group setting more than when children are alone.
Time, May 1, 2006Although boys are more physically aggressive, girls more commonly engage in
relational aggression—verbal and interpersonal aggression. Some schools are developing
intervention programs to help girls deal with their interpersonal conflicts.
18. Girls Just Want to Be Mean, Margaret Talbot,
New York Times.com, February 24, 2002This article describes girls’
cliques: Queen Bees, Alpha Girls, and the Really Mean Girls. Although boys are often viewed as the more aggressive sex because of their overt physical aggression, research is discussed on
verbal and interpersonal aggression that is more common in girls.
19. A Profile of Bullying at School, Dan Olweus,
Educational Leadership, March 2003
Bullying involves the repeated exposure to negative actions by one or more peers toward an individual. In the past two decades, a
50 percent increase in the occurrence of bullying has been documented. Leading expert Dan Olweus outlines the typical process involved with bullying and gives supporting data for a
prevention program that he has developed over the past 20 years.
UNIT 4. Parenting and Family Issues
20. The Case for Staying Home, Claudia Wallis,
Time Magazine, March 22, 2004Many women struggle to
balance the demands of work and family. The author describes
national trends and many case studies on the increasing numbers of
mothers who choose to stay home rather than be employed.
21. Contemporary Research on Parenting: The Case for Nature
and Nurture, W. Andrew Collins, Eleanor E. Maccoby, Laurence Steinberg, E. Mavis Hetherington, and Marc H. Bornstein,
American Psychologist, February 2000This distinguished team of leading developmental psychologists summarizes research on parenting related to the
interaction of nature and nurture, children’s temperament, and the roles of peers and the neighborhood.
22. Stress and the Superdad, Michele Orecklin,
Time, August 23, 2004Fathers, like mothers, struggle to
balance the competing needs and pressures of work and family. Orecklin provides data on
fathers’ values and behaviors and discusses how fathers balance work and home.
Child Development, November/December 2005This article describes
cross-cultural research in many different countries to examine the link between mothers’ use of
physical discipline and children’s
emotional and behavior adjustment.
Cultural values appear to play a role not only in mothers’ use of physical punishment but in their children’s response to it.
24. A Nation of Wimps, Hara Estroff Marano,
Psychology Today, November/December 2004
Parents seem very protective and anxious in raising their children. Hara Marano examines how “
over parenting” may create
anxiety and depression in children, as parents seem afraid to cut the “eternal umbilical cord.”
25. Why Our Kids Are Out of Control, Jacob Azerrad and Paul Chance,
Psychology Today, September/October 2001
Is it possible that our modes of discipline actually reinforce bad behaviors? American children are notorious for their aggressive behaviors. Jacob Azerrad and Paul Chance reason that it is due to the attention they receive when misbehaving.
Case studies illustrate how bad behavior is reinforced through attention.
26. Siblings’ Direct and Indirect Contributions to Child Development, Gene H. Brody,
Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 13, 2004The
role of siblings in children’s development is often neglected due to the emphasis on parent-child relations. Brody, a prominent scholar, describes research on
how siblings affect children’s thinking, language, and social behavior. Brody also explores
parents’ differential treatment of siblings as an important aspect of family life.
27. The Environment of Childhood Poverty, Gary W. Evans,
American Psychologist, February/March 2004
Poverty is linked to many risk factors in childhood,
from family instability and violence to academic difficulties. Poor children are also exposed to more
polluted environments and
neighborhood crime. The author describes research evidence on the unhealthy impact of poverty, especially the
cumulative effect of multiple environment risks.
UNIT 5. Cultural and Societal Influences
Blueprint, 2005Children are part of the
American consumer culture. The author describes some
steps to protect children, including age-appropriate advertising, restricted marketing in schools, and protection of children’s privacy.
29. The Culture of Affluence: Psychological Costs of Material Wealth, Suniya S. Luthar,
Child Development, November/December 2003Most people assume that only poor children are at risk for developmental problems. The author describes ample evidence showing the
perils associated with wealth—including anxiety, depression, and substance abuse.
APS Observer, December 2005Psychologists have studied
educational television to learn how children learn from it. Recent research has explored children’s viewing in terms of theories of
cognitive development as well as children’s
attention deficits. New attention is now given to
interactive media and the power of
Sesame Street to encourage children to
eat healthier.
31. Forensic Developmental Psychology: Unveiling Four Common Misconceptions, Maggie Bruck and Stephen Ceci,
Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 13, 2004In cases of
child sexual abuse, children are often crucial witnesses and informants. Thus, research is necessary to determine if children are accurate
reporters of abuse and whether
suggestive interviewing misleads them.
32. How Many Fathers Are Best for a Child?, Meredith F. Small,
Discover, April 2003Through an anthropological study of the Barí tribe of Venezuela,
the American concept of a normal family unit is challenged. Questions of
culture and evolution are raised and lead to an intriguing question: Is one father enough?
The New Yorker, January 10, 2005Many children are now on
prescription medications for physical and psychological problems. However, most of these medicines have never been properly tested for use by children. This article describes the views of
pediatricians and families on this issue, as well as research and actions by
advocacy groups and legislatures.
34. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Very Young Children: Early Signs and Interventions, Rebecca R. Fewell and Barbara Deutscher,
Infants and Young Children, January 2002ADHD is the
most common neuropsychiatric syndrome in children. Included in this article are tables outlining
detection signs, medical treatment possibilities, and
coping mechanisms, all to promote normal childhood development.
Vanity Fair, January 2006In an ongoing tragedy,
children in Uganda have been victimized in many ways, from being murdered to raped; many children are
enslaved as soldiers who kill and maim other children. Terrible
political and economic conditions contribute to this nightmare.
36. Children of the Fallen, Jerry Adler,
Newsweek, March 21, 2005More than 1,000 American children have
lost a parent in the Iraq war. Adler describes how these families and children are emotionally coping with their losses. Psychologists discuss
children’s bereavement and therapy treatments.
37. When Does Autism Start?, Claudia Kalb,
Newsweek, February 28, 2005Interest in
autism has exploded recently and the author captures much of the current activity on this disorder. Research on different kinds of
autism spectrum disorders is described, as are
different therapies and support groups for families that have children with autism.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, February 2005According to conventional wisdom, there is a surge in the numbers of children with autism. These scientists challenge such claims, arguing that these public perceptions are actually due to changes in diagnostic criteria for autism as well as sloppy analysis of the data.
39. Savior Parents, Elizabeth Weill,
Time, May 2004When children have
genetic and chromosomal abnormalities, many parents must take extraordinary steps to help their children develop as normally as possible. Weill describes how several families have changed their own lives as well as formed organizations to help other families.
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Jerry Wooten
reviewed Annual Editions: Child Growth and Development 07/08 on March 17, 2015 Annual Editions
This was a really well written book that walks the reader through different approaches to evolution, making it quite clear what exactly consists of a strong answer, and what is a weak one. This lets the reader walk away knowing not just a collection of facts about exotic fish, but also decent criteria for interpreting new data.
While I give this 5 stars, I did not necessarily agree with everything being said, or specifically, how it was said. The author systematically explains why proper evolution studies must always take into account the "how" of the process and not just the adaptive potential. I think at times he is a little too critical towards adaptationists, and could maybe try a little harder to recognize the kind of approach they take. While he uses examples such as peacock feathers and transgendered fish to point out the inadequacy of "why" questions when the explanation lies in the "how", there are many, obvious, instances in which asking "why" is still the right question, like why do giraffes have long necks.
That being said, despite him taking an awfully long time to get to the point of the title, I think he did a very systematic, thorough job of explaining his point, and by doing so, reveals how truly artificial his "opponents" line of thought could be. This whole book is essentially a systematic criticism towards those scientists who try to explain biological phenomenon based on their adaptive "use", while under the flawed assumption that since everything evolves, everything must be useful. He insists that evolution can only be understood through the history of each species, and their biology, whereas sociobiologists and co. try their best to find answers in just-so stories. I find this book to be a very important criticism to such an approach, especially when applied to human behavior, which is becoming more and more popular, but remains as unscientific as ever. This culminates in many evolutionary psychologists trying to explain gender differences through evolution, and not the more obvious candidate of culture.
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