Working Guide to Process Equipment Book

1 Process Equipment Fundamentals 1

2 Basic Terms and Conditions 13

3 How Trays Work: Flooding 23

4 How Trays Work: Dumping 37

5 Why Control Tower Pressure 47

6 What Drives Distillation Towers 57

7 How Reboilers Work 67

8 Inspecting Tower Internals 79

9 How Instruments Work 89

10 Packed Towers: Better than Trays? 105

11 Steam and Condensate Systems 119

12 Bubble Point and Dew Point 137

13 Steam Strippers 145

14 Draw-Off Nozzle Hydraulics 155

15 Pumparounds and Tower Heat Flows 167

16 Condensers and Tower Pressure Control 177

17 Air Coolers 193

18 Deaerators and Steam Systems 205

19 Vacuum Systems: Steam Jet Ejectors 217

20 Steam Turbines 235

21 Surface Condensers 247

22 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 259

23 Heat Exchanger Innovations 279

24 Fired Heaters: Fire- and Flue-Gas Side 291

25 Fired Heaters: Process Side 315

26 Refrigeration Systems 331

27 Cooling Water Systems 339

28 Catalytic Effects: Equilibrium and Kinetics 349

29 Centrifugal Pumps: Fundamentals of Operation 357

30 Centrifugal Pumps: Driver Limits 373

31 Centrifugal Pumps: Suction Pressure Limits 381

32 Control Valves 397

33 Separators: Vapor-Hydrocarbon-Water 407

34 Gas Compression: The Basic Idea 419

35 Centrifugal Compressors and Surge 425

36 Reciprocating Compressors 439

37 Compressor Efficiency 451

38 Safety Concerns 459

39 Corrosion - Process Units 471

40 Fluid Flow in Pipes 487

41 Super-Fractionation Separation Stage 517

42 Computer Modeling and Control 527

43 Field Troubleshooting Process Problems 535

Glossary 547

Index 559