Emergency Navigation, 2nd Edition Book

List of Figures and Tables     viii
Foreword to the First Edition     xii
Preface to the Second Edition     xiii
Acknowledgments     xv
Introduction     1
What Is Emergency Navigation?     1
The Scope of This Book     2
Preparation for Navigational Emergencies     3
Time and Place at Sea     9
Latitude Regions and Seasons Defined     10
Time in Navigation     12
Finding Position versus Keeping Track of Position     13
Directions at Sea     15
Choosing a Route     16
Compass Checks     17
Steering without a Compass     21
Steering by Wind and Swells     27
Reading the Wind     29
Swells, Waves, and Ripples     34
Wind Shifts     37
Steering by the Stars     42
Know the Whole Sky     42
How the Stars Move     43
Steering by the North Star     47
The Summer Triangle     53
The Great Square of Pegasus     54
Finding North without the North Star     54
Steering by Orion     56
Steering by Gemini and Procyon     57
Steering by Scorpio     58
Steering by the Southern Cross and the South Pole     59
Steering by Overhead Stars     62
Steering by Zenith Stars     64
Star Paths     70
Timing Low Stars     72
Steering by the Sun     75
Sunrise and Sunset     75
Morning Sun and Afternoon Sun     78
Local Apparent Noon     82
Solar Time Method     86
The Shadow-Tip Method     89
The Tropics Rule for the Sun     93
Sun Crossing Due East or West     93
Sun Compasses     94
When the Sun Is Obscured     98
Steering by Other Things in the Sky     99
The Moon     99
The Planets     106
Clouds, Birds, and Planes     108
Satellites     114
Steering in Fog or Under Cloudy Skies     115
How to Make a Magnetic Compass     116
Direction Finding with a Portable Radio     117
Streaming a Line along the Centerline     119
Finding the Sun as a Viking Would     121
Currents     124
Ocean Currents     125
Tidal Currents      128
Wind-Driven Currents     129
Coastal Currents     130
Dead Reckoning     132
Emergency DR     132
Finding Boat Speed     134
DR Errors from Speed and Direction     136
DR Errors from Current and Leeway     142
Progress to Weather     146
Latitude at Sea     148
Makeshift Altitude Measurements and Calibrations     148
Makeshift Altitude Corrections     155
Latitude from Polaris     156
Latitude from Zenith Stars     159
Latitude from Horizon-Grazing Stars     162
Latitude from Double Transits of Circumpolar Stars     169
Latitude from the Sun at LAN     170
Latitude from the Length of Day     178
Keeping Track of Latitude     183
Longitude at Sea     186
Longitude from Sunrise or Sunset     187
Longitude from LAN (the Equation of Time)     189
Finding UTC from a Known Position     197
Keeping Track of Longitude     197
Coastal Piloting without Instruments     201
Signs of Land at Sea     202
Visible Range of Lights and Land     207
Distance Off      211
Running Fix from Radio Bearings     216
Course Made Good in Current     217
What to Do with What You've Got     219
Routine Navigation with Everything     219
Position by Radio Contact     226
Everything but UTC     228
Everything but a Sextant     234
Everything but Sight Reduction Tables     240
Everything but a Compass     245
Everything but an Almanac     246
Nothing but UTC     249
Annotated Bibliography     250
Basic Marine Navigation     250
Almanac Data     251
Stars and Star Identification     252
Finding Longitude without Time     252
No-Instrument Navigation     253
Emergency Seamanship     256
Periodicals of Interest to Emergency Navigation     256
Meteorology and Oceanography     257
Published Aids to Navigation     258
Index     260