3-D Seismic Survey Design Book

	Foreword	xi
	Acknowledgments	xiii
	Introduction	1
Chapter 1	2-D symmetric sampling	5
1.1	Introduction	5
1.2	The shot/receiver and midpoint/offset coordinate systems in 2-D	5
1.3	Symmetric sampling	8
1.4	Symmetric sampling versus asymmetric sampling	11
1.5	The stack-array approach versus symmetric sampling	13
1.6	The total stack response	13
1.7	Concluding remarks	14
	References	16
Chapter 2	3-D symmetric sampling	17
2.1	Introduction	17
2.2	Classes of 3-D geometries	18
2.2.1	Examples of various geometries	18
2.3	The continuous wavefield	20
2.3.1	The shot/receiver and midpoint/offset coordinate systems	21
2.3.2	3-D subsets of 5-D wavefield	21
2.3.3	The cross-spread	22
2.3.4	Subsets of zigzag geometry	23
2.4	3-D symmetric sampling	25
2.4.1	Areal geometry	27
2.4.2	Line geometries	28
2.4.2.1	Parallel geometry	28
2.4.2.2	Orthogonal geometry	29
2.4.2.3	Zigzag geometry	33
2.5	Pseudominimal data sets	33
2.5.1	Introduction	33
2.5.2	Building fold with basic subsets	36
2.5.3	Fold, illumination, and imaging	37
2.5.4	Construction of pMDSs	38
2.5.5	A measure of spatial discontinuity	38
2.5.6	A plethora of OVT gathers	40
2.6	Application to prestack processing	40
2.6.1	Introduction	40
2.6.2	Noise removal	40
2.6.3	Interpolation and regularization	41
2.6.4	Muting	41
2.6.5	First-break picking	42
2.6.6	Nearest-neighbor correlations	42
2.6.7	Residual statics	42
2.6.8	Velocity analysis and DMO	43
2.6.9	AVO	44
2.6.10	Amplitude variation with azimuth	45
2.7	Conclusions	45
	References	46
Chapter 3	Noise suppression	49
3.1	Introduction	49
3.2	Properties of low-velocity noise	49
3.2.1	"Direct" waves	49
3.2.2	Scattered waves	49
3.2.3	Discussion	52
3.3	Shot and receiver arrays in 3-D data acquisition	52
3.3.1	Introduction	52
3.3.2	"Direct" wave noise suppression	53
3.3.3	Scattered-wave noise suppression	54
3.3.4	Analysis of various array combinations	55
3.3.5	Discussion	57
3.4	Stack responses	61
3.4.1	Introduction	61
3.4.2	The 2-D stack response	61
3.4.3	Multiple suppression by stacking	62
3.4.3.1	Multiples with small differential moveout	62
3.4.3.2	Multiples with large differential moveout	62
3.4.4	3-D stack responses	63
3.4.5	Discussion	67
	References	67
Chapter 4	Guidelines for design of "land-type" 3-D geometry	69
4.1	Introduction	69
4.2	Preparations	69
4.2.1	Objective of survey	69
4.2.2	Know your problem	69
4.3	The choice of geometry	70
4.3.1	Parallel geometry versus orthogonal geometry	70
4.3.2	Zigzag geometry versus orthogonal geometry	71
4.3.3	Slanted geometry versus orthogonal geometry	72
4.3.4	Comparison of sampled minimal data sets of crossed-array geometries	72
4.3.5	Areal geometry	74
4.3.6	Target-oriented geometries	74
4.4	Design criteria and parameter selection	75
4.4.1	Spatial continuity	75
4.4.2	Resolution	75
4.4.2.1	Resolution requirements and maximum frequency	75
4.4.2.2	Resolution requirements and spatial sampling	78
4.4.2.3	Statics and spatial sampling	79
4.4.2.4	Other processing requirements and sampling	79
4.4.2.5	Discussion on spatial sampling	79
4.4.3	Shallowest horizon to be mapped	80
4.4.4	Deepest horizon to be mapped	81
4.4.5	Noise suppression	82
4.4.5.1	Fold as a dependent or independent parameter	82
4.4.5.2	How to determine desired or required fold	82
4.4.5.3	Fold as an instrument to suppress multiples	83
4.4.5.4	The importance of regular fold	83
4.4.5.5	Shot and receiver arrays	84
4.4.6	Other survey parameters	85
4.4.7	The selection of acquisition parameters for areal geometry	86
4.5	The survey grid and the survey area	86
4.6	Practical considerations and deviations from symmetric sampling	87
4.6.1	Logistics and terminology	87
4.6.2	Harmonizing all requirements	88
4.6.3	Deviations from symmetric sampling	88
4.6.4	Different ways of implementing nominal geometry	89
4.6.5	Multiline roll	90
4.6.6	Attribute analysis of one-line roll versus multiline roll geometries and orthogonal versus slanted geometries	90
4.6.7	Conflicting requirements between structural interpretation and AVO	92
4.6.8	Deviations from nominal due to topography and obstacles	96
4.7	Testing	98
4.8	Discussion	98
4.8.1	Attribute analysis	99
4.8.2	Model-based survey design	99
4.9	A summary of what to do and not to do in 3-D survey design	100
	References	100
Chapter 5	Streamers versus stationary receivers	103
5.1	Introduction	103
5.2	Geometry imprint	104
5.3	Streamer acquisition	105
5.3.1	Shooting direction	105
5.3.1.1	Dip/strike decision	106
5.3.2	Multisource, multistreamer acquisition	107
5.3.2.1	Multisource, multistreamer configurations	108
5.3.2.2	Multisource effect on fold	108
5.3.2.3	Crossline-offset variation	108
5.3.2.4	Irregular illumination	109
5.3.2.5	Effects of irregular illumination	109
5.3.2.6	Remedies	113
5.3.2.7	Operational aspects	113
5.4	Stationary-receiver techniques	115
5.4.1	Geometries for stationary-receiver techniques	115
5.4.2	Vertical hydrophone cable (VHC)	116
5.4.3	Dual-sensor OBC	117
5.4.3.1	Ghosting	117
5.4.3.2	Geometry	117
5.4.3.3	Logistics	118
5.4.4	Four-component marine data acquisition	118
5.4.4.1	Coupling issues	118
5.4.4.2	SUMIC	119
5.4.4.3	Other 4-C bottom cable techniques	119
5.4.4.4	4-C acquisition with buried cables	120
5.4.4.5	Ocean-bottom seismometers	120
5.5	Overview and conclusions	121
	References	121
Chapter 6	Converted waves: Properties and 3-D survey design	125
6.1	Introduction	125
6.2	Properties of the PS-wavefield	125
6.2.1	Traveltime surfaces and apparent velocity	125
6.2.2	Illumination	127
6.2.3	Resolution	127
6.2.4	Imaging	129
6.3	3-D survey design for PS-waves	130
6.3.1	Choice of geometry	130
6.3.1.1	Orthogonal geometry	131
6.3.1.2	Parallel geometry	133
6.3.1.3	Areal geometry	134
6.3.1.4	Parallel versus orthogonal geometry and areal geometry	135
6.3.2	Sampling	136
6.3.3	Other considerations	136
6.4	Discussion	136
6.5	Conclusions and recommendations	137
	References	138
Chapter 7	Examples of 3-D symmetric sampling	141
7.1	Introduction	141
7.2	3-D microspread	141
7.2.1	Introduction	141
7.2.2	Acquisition parameters of 3-D microspread	141
7.2.3	Cross-sections and time slices	142
7.2.4	(f,k)-filtering results	144
7.2.5	Discussion	144
7.3	Nigeria 3-D test geometry results	146
7.3.1	Introduction	146
7.3.2	Acquisition geometry	148
7.3.3	Some processing results	149
7.3.4	Interpretation results	150
7.3.5	Discussion	150
7.4	Prestack migration of low-fold data	154
7.4.1	Introduction	154
7.4.2	Migration of a single cross-spread	154
7.4.3	Low-fold prestack migration	155
7.4.4	Discussion	156
	References	158
Chapter 8	Factors affecting spatial resolution	159
8.1	Introduction	159
8.2	Spatial resolution formulas	160
8.2.1	Spatial resolution--The link with migration/inversion	160
8.2.2	Spatial resolution formulas for constant velocity	161
8.3	Spatial resolution measurements	163
8.3.1	Procedure for resolution analysis	163
8.3.2	2-D resolution in the zero-offset model	164
8.3.3	2-D resolution in the offset model	165
8.3.4	Asymmetric aperture	165
8.3.5	3-D spatial resolution	166
8.3.6	Sampling and spatial resolution	168
8.3.7	Sampling and migration noise	168
8.3.8	Bin fractionation	170
8.3.9	Fold and spatial resolution	171
8.4	Discussion	171
8.5	Conclusions	172
	References	173
Chapter 9	DMO	175
9.1	Introduction	175
9.2	DMO in arbitrary 3-D acquisition geometries	175
9.2.1	Summary	175
9.2.2	Introduction	176
9.2.3	The time of a DMO-corrected event	176
9.2.4	Contributing traces in cross-spread	178
9.2.5	The DMO-corrected time in the cross-spread	178
9.2.6	Extension to other geometries	179
9.2.7	Sampling problems	180
9.2.8	Conclusions	180
9.3	DMO in cross-spread: The failure of earlier software to correctly handle amplitudes	180
9.3.1	Introduction	180
9.3.2	Sampling problem	181
9.3.3	Geometry effect	181
9.3.4	Example	181
9.3.5	The ideal 3-D DMO program	181
9.3.6	Conclusion	181
9.4	Epilogue	183
9.4.1	New DMO programs	183
9.4.2	DMO in pseudominimal data set	183
	References	184
Chapter 10	Prestack migration	185
10.1	Introduction	185
10.2	Fresnel zone and zone of influence	186
10.2.1	Modeling	186
10.2.2	Migration	186
10.3	Description of model experiments	189
10.4 Title:    3-D Seismic Survey Design Manufacturer: Society of Exploration Geophysicists Society of Exploration Geophysicists Item Number: 9781560801139 Number: 1 Product Description: 3-D Seismic Survey Design Universal Product Code (UPC): 9781560801139 WonderClub Stock Keeping Unit (WSKU): 9781560801139 Rating: 3/5 based on 2 Reviews Image Location: https://wonderclub.com/images/covers/11/39/9781560801139.jpg Category: Media >> Books Weight: 0.200 kg (0.44 lbs) Width: 0.000 cm (0.00 inches) Heigh : 0.000 cm (0.00 inches) Depth: 0.000 cm (0.00 inches) Date Added: August 25, 2020, Added By: Ross Date Last Edited: August 25, 2020, Edited By: Ross Price Condition Delivery Seller Action $249.97 Digital Arrives between May 12 - Jun 11 Login to your account for a direct download. Some files are emailed from Dropbox. Continent $0.00 - World $0.00 WonderClub (9296 total ratings) Question Concerning 3-D Seismic Survey Design Ask a Question about 3-D Seismic Survey Design No Question found! Read Reviews for 3-D Seismic Survey Design Write review Koichi Hatanaka reviewed 3-D Seismic Survey Design on October 17, 2016 3-D Seismic Survey Design Nice but too heavy. Login   |   Complaints   |   Blog   |   Games   |   Digital Media   |   Souls   |   Obituary   |   Contact Us   |   FAQ CAN'T FIND WHAT YOU'RE LOOKING FOR? CLICK HERE!!! X You must be logged in to add to Wishlist E-mail address: Password:           Open Account Here X This item is in your Wish List View Wish List Remove from List Continue Shopping X This item is in your Collection 3-D Seismic Survey Design View Collection Remove from Collection Edit Collection Continue Shopping X This Item is in Your Inventory 3-D Seismic Survey Design View Inventory Remove from Inventory Edit Inventory Continue Shopping X You must be logged in to review the products E-mail address: Password:           Open Account Here X View Cart Checkout Continue Shopping X X Add 3-D Seismic Survey Design, An essential ingredient for successful 3-D seismic survey design is a basic understanding of the spatial properties of the seismic wavefield. These properties were described for 2-D seismic data in Seismic Wavefield Sampling by the same author. This book , 3-D Seismic Survey Design to the inventory that you are selling on WonderClub Product Condition Collectible - Good Collectible - Acceptable Collectible - Very Good Collectible - Like New New - New Refurbished - Refurbished Replica - Acceptable Replica - Good Replica - Very Good Replica - Like New Replica - New Used - Like New Used - Very Good Used - Good Used - Acceptable Price Condition Note Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 MSKU MSKU=Merchant Stock Keeping Unit, You can create any value you wish to help you keep track of your products Add X X Add 3-D Seismic Survey Design, An essential ingredient for successful 3-D seismic survey design is a basic understanding of the spatial properties of the seismic wavefield. These properties were described for 2-D seismic data in Seismic Wavefield Sampling by the same author. This book , 3-D Seismic Survey Design to your collection on WonderClub Condition Note Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 MSKU MSKU=Merchant Stock Keeping Unit, You can create any value you wish to help you keep track of your products Value This is the value of this item at today's market price Price Paid This is the price you paid for this item. Add