Uninterruptible Power Supplies Book

CHAPTER ONE: Standby and Power Generating Sets
Introduction
The Generating Set and Its Supporting Systems
The Power Rating Classification of Diesel Engine Driven Generating Sets
The Power Unit
Alternating Current Generators
Voltage Regulators
Speed Governors
Voltage and Frequency Performance Classes for Diesel Engine-Driven Sets
Starting Mechanisms
Fuel Systems
Engine Cooling Systems
Engine Room Ventilation
Exhaust Systems
Control Systems
Remote Control and Monitoring
Location of Equipment
Bibliography
CHAPTER TWO: Interconnecting the Standby and Normal Supplies
Introduction
Separating the Essential and Nonessential Loads
Use of Multiple Generating Sets
Interconnections with the Normal Supply
The Generator Voltage
The Electricity Supply Regulations 1988
Engineering Recommendation G.59/1
Earthing the Neutral of the Standby Supply
Neutral Connections for Single Sets Not Intended to Run in Parallel with the
Normal Supply
Neutral Connections for Multiple Sets Not Intended to Run with the Normal
Supply
Paralleling the Standby and Normal Supplies
Overcurrent Protection of the Standby Supply
Switchgear
Bibliography
CHAPTER THREE: Additional Information Relating to the Standby Supply
Installation
Introduction
Sizing the Engine and Generator
Reliability and Redundancy
Routine Test Runs
Kilowatts, Kilovars, and the Harmonic Components of the Load Current
Characteristics of Particular Loads
Vibration
Noise 108
Safe Working Procedures
Bibliography
CHAPTER FOUR: Harmonic Distortion of the Supply
Acknowledgment
Nonlinear Loads and Current Distortion
Harmonics Generated by Bridge Rectifiers
The Effect of a Bridge Rectifier on a Supply System
The Effect of Bridge Rectifier Loads on Local Generators
Reduction of Distortion Due to Rectifier Loads
Switched Mode Power Supplies
Bibliography
CHAPTER FIVE: Static Uninterruptible Power Supplies
Definition
Background
Basic Design
Subassemblies
Rectifiers
Harmonics and Effect on Design
Inverters
Types of Loads
Typical Specification
Static Switches
Designs Now Available
Monitoring
Bibliography
CHAPTER SIX: Rotary UPS Systems
Definitions
Background
Rotating Transformer Systems
Generator/Clutch/Machine
Acknowledgments
CHAPTER SEVEN: Batteries
Introduction
Types of Cell
Lead Acid
Nickel-Cadmium Cells
Comparison of Various Types of Cells
Future Trends
Bibliography
CHAPTER EIGHT: Kinetic Energy as an Alternative Power Source
Introduction
Circuit Developments
Flywheel Type En Vacuo
Flywheel Type in Helium
CHAPTER NINE: Notes on Systems Installation
CHAPTER TEN: Some System Failures: The Light of Experience!
Introduction
Lack of Ventilation
A Bypassed Radiator
Lack of Fuel
Changeover of Supplies Without a Break
Restoration of Supply to an Inertially Loaded Drive
Low Transformer Oil Level Due to Low Ambient Temperature
Inadequate Protection Against Driving Rain
Unconventional Use of a Harmonic Filter
An Unstable Power Supply
An Overenthusiastic Charging Regime
Loose Intercell Connections on a UPS Battery
An Unsuccessful Attempt at Cost Reduction
Empty Sumps
Lack of Cooling Air
An Inadequate Supporting Structure
INDEX