Broadview Anthology of Literature: Victorian Era, Vol. 5 Book

Preface

Acknowledgments

Introduction to The Victorian Era

A Growing Power

Grinding Mills, Grinding Poverty

Corn Laws, Potato Famine

"The Two Nations"

The Politics of Gender

Empire

Faith and Doubt

Victorian Domesticity

Cultural Trends

Technology

Cultural Identities

Realism

The Victorian Novel

Poetry

Drama

Prose Non-Fiction and Print Culture

The English Language in the Victorian Era

History of the Language and of Print Culture

THOMAS CARLYLE

from Sartor Resartus

from Book 1

Chapter 11, Perspective

from Book 2

Chapter 6, Sorrows of Tuefelsdræckh

Chapter 7, The Everlasting No

Chapter 8, Centre of Indifference

from Book 3

Chapter 8, Natural Supernaturalism

from The French Revolution

Volume 1, Book 6, Chapter 6, The Fourth Estate

Volume 2, Book 3, Chapter 7, Death of Mirabella

Volume 3, Book 4, Chapter 7, Marie-Antoinette

Volume 3, Book 7, Chapter 8, Finis

from Past and Present

from Book 1

Chapter 1, Midas

Chapter 6, Hero-Worship

from Book 3

Chapter 1, Phenomena

Chapter 2, Gospel of Mammonism

Chapter 11, Labour

Chapter 13, Democracy

from Book 4

Chapter 4, Captains of Industry

THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY

from The History of England

from Chapter 3, State of England in 1685

from Milton

CONTEXTS: WORK AND POVERTY

Anonymous, "The Steam Loom Weaver"

from Elizabeth Bentley, Testimony before the 1832 Committee on the Labour of Children in Factories

from Andrew Ure, The Philosophy of Manufactures

from William Dodd, A Narrative of the Experience and Sufferings of William Dodd, Factory Cripple, Written by Himself

from Joseph Adshead, Distress in Manchester, Chapter 3, "Narratives of Suffering"

Thomas Hood, "Song of the Shirt"

from Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844, Chapter 3, "The Great Towns"

from Elizabeth Gaskell, Mary Barton, Chapter 6

from Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, "Boy Crossing-Sweepers and Tumblers"

from Charles Dickens, Hard Times, Chapter 5, "The Key-Note"

JOHN HENRY NEWMAN

from The Idea of a University

SUSANNA MOODIE

from Roughing it in the Bush

Introduction

Chapter 15, The Wilderness, and our Indian Friends

from Chapter 22, The Fire

from Life in the Clearings Versus the Bush

Chapter 1, Belleville

Chapter 7, Camp Meetings

Chapter 8, Wearing Mourning for the Dead

In Context: Sample of Susanna Moodie’s 1839 Correspondence

A "Crossed" Letter

MARY SEACOLE

from Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands

Chapter 1, My Birth and Parentage

Chapter 8, I Long to Join the British Army Before Sebastopol

Chapter 9, Voyage to Constantinople

from Chapter 13, My Work in the Crimea

JOHN STUART MILL

What is Poetry?

from On Liberty

from Chapter 2, Of the Liberty of Thought and Discussion

Chapter 3, Of Individuality, as One of the Elements of Well-Being

from The Subjection of Women

Chapter 1

CONTEXTS: THE PLACE OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY

from Sarah Stickney Ellis, The Daughters of England: Their Position in Society, Character and Responsibilities

from Anonymous, "Hints on the Modern Governess System," Fraser's Magazine

from Harriet Taylor, The Enfranchisement of Women

from Coventry Patmore, The Angel in the House

from Eliza Lynn Linton, "The Girl of the Period," Saturday Review, March 1868

from Frances Power Cobbe, "Criminals, Idiots, Women, and Minors," Fraser's Magazine, December 1868

from "Between School and Marriage," The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. 7

from Emma Brewer, "Our Friends the Servants," The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. 14

from Sarah Grand, "The New Aspect of the Woman Question," North American Review 158

from Mona Caird, "Does Marriage Hinder A Woman's Self-Development?" Lady's Realm

ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING

The Cry of the Children

To George Sand: A Desire

To George Sand: A Recognition

A Year’s Spinning

The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point

from Sonnets from the Portuguese

Sonnet 1 ("I thought once how Theocritus had sung")

Sonnet 7 ("The face of all the world is changed, I think")

Sonnet 13 ("And wilt thou have me fasten into speech")

Sonnet 21 ("Say over again, and yet once over again")

Sonnet 22 ("When our two souls stand up erect and strong")

Sonnet 24 ("Let the world’s sharpness, like a clasping knife")

Sonnet 26 ("I lived with visions for my company")

Sonnet 28 ("My letters! all dead paper, mute and white!")

Sonnet 43 ("How do I love thee? Let me count the ways")

from Aurora Leigh

Book 1

from Book 2

from Book 5

A Curse For A Nation

A Musical Instrument

In Context: Books on Womanhood

from Catherine Napier, Woman's Rights and Duties

In Context: Children in the Mines

from Richard Hengist Horne, Report of the Children's Employment Commission

In Context: The Origin of "the Finest Sonnets"

from Edmund Gosse, Critical Kit-Kats

In Context: Images of George Sand

ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON

Mariana

The Palace of Art

The Lady of Shalott

The Lotos-Eaters

Ulysses

The Epic [Morte d'Arthur]

Morte d'Arthur

[Break, break, break]

Locksley Hall

from The Princess

[Sweet and Low]

[The Splendour Falls]

[Tears, Idle Tears]

[Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal]

[Come Down, O Maid]

[The Woman’s Cause is Man’s]

Maud

In Memoriam A.H.H.

The Eagle

The Charge of the Light Brigade

from Idylls of the King

The Holy Grail

[Flower in the Crannied Wall]

Vastness

Crossing the Bar

In Context: Images of Tennyson

from Thomas Carlyle, Letter to Ralph Waldo Emerson, 5 August 1844

In Context: Victorian Images of Arthurian Legend

In Context: Crimea and the Camera

Roger Fenton, Selected Photographs

CHARLES DARWIN

from The Voyage of the Beagle

from Chapter 10, Tierra del Fuego

from Chapter 17, Galapagos Archipelago

In Context: Images from The Beagle

from On the Origin of Species

Introduction

from Chapter 3, Struggle for Existence

from Chapter 14, Recapitulation and Conclusion

from The Descent of Man

from Chapter 21, General Summary and Conclusion

In Context: Defending and Attacking Darwin

from Thomas Huxley, "Criticisms on The Origin of the Species"

from Thomas Huxley, "Mr. Darwin’s Critics"

from Punch

In Context: Social Darwinism

from Herbert Spencer, Social Statistics: or, the Conditions Essential to Human Happiness Specified, and the First of Them Developed

ELIZABETH GASKELL

Libbie Marsh's Three Eras

The Old Nurse's Story

ROBERT BROWNING

Porphyria’s Lover

Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister

My Last Duchess

Home-Thoughts, from Abroad

The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed’s Church

Meeting at Night

Parting at Morning

How It Strikes a Contemporary

Memorabilia

Love Among the Ruins

"Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came"

Fra Lippo Lippi

The Last Ride Together

Andrea del Sarto

A Woman’s Last Word

Two in the Campagna

Essay on Shelley

Caliban upon Setebos

from The Ring and the Book

from Book 12

In Context: A Parody of The Ring and the Book

Charles Stuart Calverley, The Cock and the Bull

Bishop Blougram's Apology

CHARLES DICKENS

A Christmas Carol

Preface

Stave 1, Marley's Ghost

Stave 2, The First of the Three Spirits

Stave 3, The Second of the Three Spirits

Stave 4, The Last of the Spirits

Stave 5, The End of It

In Context: A Victorian Christmas

from Charles Dickens, Sketches by Boz

Chapter 2, A Christmas Dinner

In Context: The Workhouse

Charles Dickens, "A Walk in the Workhouse," from Household Words

The Perils of Certain English Prisoners

EDWARD LEAR

The Owl and the Pussy-cat

How pleasant to know Mr. Lear!

Selected Limericks

The Dong and the Luminous Nose

CONTEXTS: CHILDHOOD AND CHILDREN'S LITERATURE

from Charlotte Mary Yonge, "A Scene in the Early Life of the May Family"

from Thomas Hughes, "After the Match," Tom Brown's Schooldays

from Charles Kingsley, "Tom's Life as a Water Baby"

from Thomas Hood, "London Street Boys: Being a Word About Arabia Anglicana," The Boy's Own Volume of Facts, Fiction, History, and Adventure

from Austin Q. Hagerman, "Never Sulk," The Child's Own Magazine

from Charles Darwin, A Biographical Sketch of an Infant

from Walter Pater, The Child in the House

from Hilaire Belloc, The Bad Child's Book of Beasts

Introduction

The Big Baboon

The Frog

Beatrix Potter, The Tale of Peter Rabbit

from Rudyard Kipling, "How the Camel Got His Hump," Just So Stories for Little Children

from Lucy Maud Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables

Chapter 3: Marilla Cuthbert Is Surprised

from Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows

Chapter 1: The River Bank

ANTHONY TROLLOPE

The Spotted Dog

from An Autobiography

Chapter 12, On English Novels and the Art of Writing Them

GRACE AGUILAR

Past, Present, and Future: A Sketch

The Hebrew’s Appeal

The Wanderers

EMILY BRONTË

Remembrance

Plead for Me

The Old Stoic

My Comforter

[Loud without the wind was roaring]

[A little while, a little while]

[Shall Earth no more inspire thee]

[No coward soul is mine]

Stanzas

[The night is darkening round me]

[I'm happiest when most away]

[If grief for grief can touch thee]

CONTEXTS: THE NEW ART OF PHOTOGRAPHY

Roger Fenton, "Proposal for the Formation of a Photographic Society"

from Charles Dickens, "Photography," Household Words 7

Photography and Immortality

from Elizabeth Barrett, Letter to Mary Russell Mitford

from Sir Frederick Pollock, "Presidential Address," Photographic Society

Selected Photographs

ARTHUR HUGH CLOUGH

Epi-strauss-ium

To spend uncounted years of pain

from Amours de Voyage

Canto 1

The Latest Decalogue

"There is no God," the Wicked Saith

Qui Laborat, Orat

Is it true, ye gods, who treat us

In the Great Metropolis

That there are powers above us I admit

Seven Sonnets on the Thought of Death

Duty—that's to say complying

Easter Day

Easter Day II

Jacob

Recent English Poetry

In Context: Letters between Arthur Clough and Matthew Arnold

GEORGE ELIOT

O, May I Join the Choir Invisible

from Brother and Sister Sonnets

Sonnet 11 ("School parted us; we never found again")

from Adam Bede

Chapter 17, In Which the Story Pauses a Little

Silly Novels By Lady Novelists

from The Natural History of German Life

Margaret Fuller and Mary Wollstonecraft

THE SPASMODIC POETS

Alexander Smith

from A Life-Drama

Sydney Dobell

from Balder

William Edmondstoune Aytoun

from Firmillian: or The Student of Badajoz. A Spasmodic Tragedy

JOHN RUSKIN

from Modern Painters

A Definition of Greatness in Art

Of Truth of Water

from The Stones of Venice

The Nature of Gothic

from Modern Manufacture and Design

Fiction Fair and Foul

The Storm-Cloud of the Nineteenth Century

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

Cassandra

DION BOUCICAULT

The Octoroon

In Context: The Octoroon's Alternative Ending

MATTHEW ARNOLD

The Forsaken Merman

Isolation. To Marguerite

To Marguerite—Continued

The Buried Life

The Scholar-Gipsy

Stanzas from The Grande Chartreuse

Dover Beach

Obermann Once More

East London

West London

Preface to the First Edition of Poems

from The Function of Criticism at the Present Time

from Culture and Anarchy

from Chapter 1, Sweetness and Light

CONTEXTS: RELIGION AND SOCIETY

from Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre

from Chapter 4

from Elizabeth Gaskell, Mary Barton

from Chapter 37

from Anthony Trollope, The Warden

from Chapter 3

from Chapter 5

from George Eliot, "Evangelical Teaching: Dr. Cumming" (Westminster Review, October 1855)

from Anthony Trollope, Doctor Thorne

from Chapter 32: Mr. Oriel

from Thomas Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford

from Chapter 11: Muscular Christianity

from Arthur Hugh Clough, Dipsychus

"'There Is No God,' the Wicked Saith"

from John Henry Newman, Apologia pro vita sua

from Chapter 5: The Position of My Mind Since 1845

from Samuel Smiles, Character

from Chapter 7: Duty—Truthfulness

from Anthony Trollope, The Way We Live Now

from Chapter 22: Lord Nidderdale's Morality

from Chapter 60: Miss Longestaffe's Lover

from Goldwin Smith, "Can Jews be Patriots?" (The Nineteenth Century, May 1878)

from Amy Levy, Reuben Sachs

from Chapter 7

from Chapter 8

from Thomas Huxley, "Agnosticism and Christianity"

from Thomas Hardy, Jude the Obscure

from Part 3, Chapter 4

WILKIE COLLINS

The Diary of Anne Rodway

GEORGE MEREDITH

Modern Love

DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI

The Blessed Damozel

The Woodspurge

Jenny

My Sister's Sleep

Mary Magdalene at the Door of Simon the Pharisee

from The House of Life

The Sonnet

Sonnet 6a, Nuptial Sleep

Sonnet 10, The Portrait

Sonnet 77, Soul’s Beauty

Sonnet 78, Body’s Beauty

Sonnet 97, A Superscription

Sonnet 101, The One Hope

Hand and Soul

The Orchard Pit

In Context: The "Fleshly School" Controversy

from Robert Buchanan, The Fleshy School of Poetry: Mr. D.G. Rossetti

from D.G. Rossetti, The Stealthy School of Criticism

CHRISTINA ROSSETTI

Goblin Market

In Context: Illustrating Goblin Market

A Triad

Remember

A Birthday

After Death

An Apple-Gathering

Echo

Winter: My Secret

"No, Thank You, John"

A Pause Of Thought

Song ("She sat and sang alway")

Song ("When I am dead, my dearest")

Dead Before Death

Monno Innominata

Cobwebs

In an Artist’s Studio

Promises like Pie-crust

In Progress

Sleeping at Last

LEWIS CARROLL

Verses Recited by Humpty Dumpty

Jabberwocky

In Context: "Jabberwocky"

from Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There

from Chapter 1, Looking-Glass House

from Chapter 6, Humpty Dumpty

In Context: The Photographs of Lewis Carroll

JAMES THOMSON

The City of Dreadful Night

WILLIAM MORRIS

The Defence of Guenevere

The Haystack in the Floods

from Hopes and Fears for Art. Five Lectures

The Beauty of Life

from News from Nowhere

Chapter 1, Discussion and Bed

Chapter 2, A Morning Bath

How I Became A Socialist

In Context: William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones

W.S. GILBERT

from H.M.S. Pinafore; or, The Lass that Loved a Sailor

Song ("When I was a Lad")

from Patience

Song ("If You're Anxious for to Shine")

AUGUSTA WEBSTER

A Castaway

By The ooking Glass

from Mother and Daughter: An Uncompleted Sonnet Sequence

Sonnet 1 ("Young Laughters, and My Music! Aye Till Now")

Sonnet 8 ("A little child she, half defiant came")

Sonnet 9 ("Oh weary hearts! Poor mothers that look back!")

Sonnet 15 ("That same day Death who has us all for jest")

Sonnet 19 ("Life on the wane: yes sudden that news breaks")

Sonnet 20 ("There’s one I miss. A little questioning maid")

Sonnet 27 ("Since first my little one lay on my breast")

ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE

The Triumph of Time

Itylus

Hymn to Proserpine

The Leper

A Forsaken Garden

Ballad of Villon and Fat Madge

Anactoria

Laus Veneris

Faustine

Dolores

The Garden of Proserpine

Hertha

A Nympholept

from William Blake

WALTER PATER

from The Renaissance: Studies in Art and Poetry

Preface

Conclusion

from Appreciations

Aesthetic Poetry

THOMAS HARDY

The Son’s Veto

In Context: Hardy's Notebooks and Memoranda

An Imaginative Woman

In Context: Illustrations to "An Imaginative Woman"

MATHILDE BLIND

The Russian Student’s Tale

A Mother’s Dream

GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS

God’s Grandeur

The Wreck of the Deutschland

The Windhover: to Christ our Lord

Pied Beauty

Felix Randal

Spring and Fall: to a Young Child

[As kingfishers catch fire]

[No worst, there is none]

[I wake and feel the fell of dark, not day]

[Not, I'll not, carrion comfort]

That Nature is a Heraclitean Fire and of the comfort of the Resurrection

[Thou art indeed just, Lord]

In Context: The Growth of "The Windhover"

from Journal 1870—1874

["Inscape" and "Instress"]

from Letter to Robert Bridges, 25 February 1879

Author’s Preface

"MICHAEL FIELD"—KATHARINE BRADLEY AND EDITH COOPER

The Magdalen

La Gioconda

A girl

It was deep April, and the morn

To Christina Rossetti

WILLIAM HURRELL MALLOCK

Every Man His Own Poet; or, The Inspired Singer's Recipe Book

ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON

Requiem

from A Child’s Garden of Verses

Whole Duty of Children

Looking Forward

The Land of Nod

Good and Bad Children

Foreign Children

The Pavilion on the Links

OSCAR WILDE

Impression du Matin

E Tenebris

To Milton

from "The Critic as Artist"

from "The Decay of Lying"

Preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray

The Young King

The Importance of Being Earnest

In Context: Wilde and "The Public"

Interview with Oscar Wilde, St. James Gazette, January 1895

In Context: The First Wilde Trial (1895)

from Transcripts of the Trial

VERNON LEE

The Virgin of the Seven Daggers

from The Handling of Words

Chapter 3, Aesthetics of the Novel

from Chapter 5

Section C, Carlyle and the Present Tense

from Chapter 6

Section A, Meredith

Section B, Kipling

Section C, Stevenson

Section D, Hardy

Chapter 8, Can Writing Be Taught?

CONSTANCE CAROLINE WOODHILL NADEN

The Lady Doctor

The Sister of Mercy

Love Versus Learning

Scientific Wooing

The New Orthodoxy

Natural Selection

Solomon Redivivus, 1886

SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE

The Adventure of the Speckled Band

AMY LEVY

Xantippe

Magdalen

SIR HENRY NEWBOLT

Vitaï Lampada

He Fell Among Thieves

RUDYARD KIPLING

Gunga Din

The Widow at Windsor

Recessional

The White Man’s Burden

If—

The Story of Muhammad Din

The Mark of the Beast

Mrs. Bathhurst

England and the English

In Context: Victoria and Albert

In Context: The "White Man's Burden" in the Philippines

Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League

CONTEXTS: RACE, EMPIRE, AND A WIDER WORLD

from Frances Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans

Chapter 1, Entrance of the Mississippi

Chapter 3, Company on Board the Steam Boat

Chapter 34, Return to New York—Conclusion

from Thomas Babington Macaulay, "Minute on Indian Education"

from Report of a Speech by William Charles Wentworth, Australian Legislative Council

from William H. Smith, Smith's Canadian Gazetteer

Carlyle, Mill, and "The Negro Question"

from Thomas Carlyle, "Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question," Fraser's Magazine

from John Stuart Mill, "The Negro Question," Fraser's Magazine

To the Editor of Fraser's Magazine

from Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor

Hindo Beggars

Dickens and Thackeray on the Race Question

from Charles Dickens, "The Noble Savage," in Household Words

from William Makepeace Thackeray, Letters to Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth

Conservatives, Liberals, and Empire

from William Gladstone, "Our Colonies"

from Benjamin Disraeli, "Conservative and Liberal Principles"

from Cecil Rhodes, Speech delivered in Cape Town, 18 July 1899

from David Livingstone, "Cambridge Lecture Number 1"

Eliza M., "Account of Cape Town," King William's Town Gazette

from Agnes Macdonald, "By Car and Cowcatcher," Murray's Magazine

from John Ruskin, "Inaugural Lecture," Slade Lectures

from Henry M. Stanley, In Darkest Africa

from William Booth, "Why 'Darkest England'?"

from Sara Jeannette Duncan, "The Flippancy of Anglo-India"

from Mary Kingsley, Travels in West Africa

from W.S. Caine, "Picturesque India: A Handbook for European Travelers"

Victor Daley, "When London Calls"

THE AESTHETIC MOVEMENT

"Michael Field"

From Baudelaire

The Poet

John Davidson

A Northern Suburb

Constance Naden

Illusions

Ernest Dowson

Nuns of the Perpetual Adoration

To One in Bedlam

Spleen

Lionel Johnson

Plato in London

The Dark Angel

The Darkness

CHARLOTTE MEW

The Farmer’s Bride

Madeleine In Church

Passed

APPENDICES

Reading Poetry

Maps

Monarchs and Prime Ministers of Great Britain

Glossary of Terms

Texts and Contexts: A Chronological Chart

Bibliography

Permissions Acknowledgments

Index of First Lines

Index of Authors and Titles