Zend Framework, A Beginner's Guide Book

Foreword

Acknowledgments

Introduction

1 Introducing the Zend Framework 1

Overview 3

Features 4

Standards Compliance and Best Practices 4

Reusability 4

Internationalization 5

Open Source 5

Community Support 5

Unique Advantages 5

Loose Coupling 5

Rapid Release Cycle 6

Unit Testing Policy 6

Code-Generation Tools 6

Market Credibility 6

Third-Party Application Interoperability 6

Commercial Support Options 7

Extensive Documentation 7

Application Environment 7

Installing the Zend Framework 8

Try This 1-1 Starting a New Project 10

Understand Application Requirements 11

Create the Application Directory 11

Create the Application Skeleton 11

Add Zend Framework Libraries 13

Define Virtual Host Settings 13

Using the Command-Line Tool 14

Summary 17

2 Working with Models, Views, Controllers, and Routes 19

Understanding Basic Concepts 20

Models 21

Views 22

Controllers 23

Modules 24

Routes 25

Layouts 25

Understanding Component Interaction 26

Looking Behind the Default Index Page 28

Understanding the Modular Directory Layout 30

Try This 2-1 Using a Modular Directory Layout 32

Creating the Default Module 33

Updating the Application Configuration File 33

Understanding Master Layouts and Custom Routes 33

Updating the Application Index Page 35

Setting a Master Layout 36

Using a Custom Route 37

Try This 2-2 Serving Static Content 39

Defining Custom Routes 39

Defining the Controller 40

Defining the View 41

Updating the Master Layout 42

Summary 44

3 Working with Forms 47

Understanding Form Basics 48

Creating Forms and Form Elements 53

Working with Form Elements 55

Setting Required and Default Values 65

Filtering and Validating Form Input 70

Using Input Filters 70

Using Input Validators 73

Retrieving and Processing Form Input 81

Try This 3-1 Creating a Contact Form 82

Defining the Form 82

Using a Custom Namespace 85

Defining a Custom Route 85

Defining Controllers and Views 86

Updating the Master Layout 88

Customizing Form Appearance 90

Using Custom Error Messages 91

Using Display Groups 93

Using Decorators 94

Summary 99

4 Working with Models 101

Understanding Models 102

Model Patterns 105

Model Scope 105

Installing Doctrine 107

Try This 4-1 Generating and Integrating Doctrine Models 108

Initializing the Application Database 109

Generating Doctrine Models 113

Setting Model Relationships 115

Autoloading Doctrine 116

Working with Doctrine Models 118

Retrieving Records 118

Adding, Updating, and Deleting Records 120

Try This 4-2 Retrieving Database Records 122

Creating a New Module 122

Defining a Custom Route 122

Defining the Controller 122

Defining the View 124

Summary 127

5 Handling Crud Operations 129

Try This 5-1 Creating Database Records 130

Defining the Form 130

Defining Controllers and Views 136

Working with Administrative Actions 140

Structure 140

Routing 141

Layout 142

Try This 5-2 Listing, Deleting, and Updating Database Records 142

Setting the Administrative Layout 142

Defining Custom Routes 144

Defining the List Action and View 146

Defining the Delete Action 148

Defining the Update Form 150

Defining the Update Action and View 154

Updating the Display Action 157

Adding User Authentication 158

Try This 5-3 Creating a Login/Logout System 161

Defining Custom Routes 161

Defining the Login Form 161

Defining the Authentication Adapter 162

Defining the Login Action and View 165

Defining the Logout Action 167

Protecting Administrative Actions 167

Updating the Master Layout 168

Summary 170

6 Indexing, Searching, and Formatting Data 173

Try This 6-l Searching and Filtering Database Records 174

Defining the Search Form 174

Defining the Controller and View 177

Updating the Master Layout 179

Adding Full-Text Search 181

Indexing Data 182

Searching Data 184

Try This 6-2 Creating a Full-Text Search Engine 185

Defining the Index Location 185

Defining Custom Routes 186

Defining the Index Action and View 186

Updating the Summary View 188

Updating the Search Form 188

Updating the Search Action and View 189

Handling Multiple Output Types 192

Try This 6-3 Expressing Search Results in XML 194

Enabling the XML Context 194

Defining the XML View 194

Summary 196

7 Paging, Sorting, and Uploading Data 199

Try This 7-1 Paging and Sorting Database Records 200

Adding Page Numbers to Routes 201

Updating the Index Controller and View 201

Adding Sort Criteria to Routes 204

Updating the Controller and View 204

Working with File Uploads 209

Try This 7-2 Enabling Image Uploads 213

Defining the Upload Destination 213

Updating the Form Definition 213

Updating the Create Action 215

Updating the Display Action and View 216

Updating the Delete Action 218

Working with Configuration Data 222

Reading Configuration Files 222

Writing Configuration Files 224

Try This 7-3 Configuring Application Settings 227

Defining the Configuration Form 227

Defining the Configuration File 229

Defining Custom Routes 230

Defining the Controller and View 231

Updating the Master Layout 233

Using Configuration Data 235

Summary 239

8 Logging and Debugging Exceptions 241

Understanding Exceptions 242

Understanding the Default Error-Handling Process 246

Using Custom Exception Classes 249

Controlling Exception Visibility 251

Try This 8-1 Creating a Custom Error Page 252

Logging Data 254

Writing Log Messages 254

Adding Data to Log Messages 259

Formatting Log Messages 259

Try This 8-2 Logging Application Exceptions 263

Defining the Log Location 263

Defining the Database Log Writer 264

Updating the Error Controller 265

Summary 268

9 Understanding Application Localization 271

Understanding Localization and Locales 272

Setting the Application Locales 274

Localizing Numbers 277

Localizing Dates and Times 279

Localizing Currencies 282

Localizing Measurements 285

Localizing Strings 287

Working with Adapters and Data Sources 289

Using the Application Locale 291

Using the Translation View Helper 293

Try This 9-1 Localizing the Example Application 294

Setting the Application Locale 294

Localizing Numbers and Dates 294

Defining String Localization Targets 298

Creating Translation Sources 300

Registering the Translation Object 302

Supporting Manual Locale Selection 306

Updating the Master Layout 307

Summary 309

10 Working with News Feeds and Web Services 311

Working with News Feeds 312

Understanding News Feed Formats 313

Consuming News Feeds 313

Creating News Feeds 317

Accessing Web Services 319

Understanding Web Services 319

Consuming Web Services 322

Try This 10-1 Integrating Twitter and Blog Search Results 328

Defining Custom Routes 328

Defining the Controller and View 328

Updating the Master Layout 331

Creating REST-Based Web Services 332

Understanding REST Routes 332

Try This 10-2 Implementing REST-Based Web Services 334

Creating a New Module 334

Defining the Controller 334

Defining the GET Actions 336

Defining the POST Action 339

Initializing the REST Routes 340

Summary 342

11 Working with User Interface Elements 345

Working with Navigation Structures 346

Understanding Pages and Containers 346

Rendering Navigational Elements 351

Try This 11-1 Adding a Navigation Menu 355

Defining Navigation Pages and Containers 355

Registering the Navigation Object 357

Creating the Navigation Action Helper 358

Using the Menu View Helper 359

Working with the Dojo Toolkit 361

Handling Dojo Data 361

Using the Dojo View Helpers 362

Using Dojo Form Elements 365

Try This 11-2 Adding a Dojo Autocomplete Widget 368

Updating the Contact Form 368

Initializing the Dojo View Helper 369

Updating the Master Layout 370

Updating the Controller 371

Try This 11-3 Adding a YUI Calendar Widget 372

Updating the Form 372

Updating the Master Layout 374

Updating the Controller 375

Updating the View 377

Summary 378

12 Optimizing Performance 381

Analyzing Performance 382

Benchmarking 382

Code Profiling 384

Query Profiling 387

Caching Data 392

Understanding Cache Operations 392

Understanding Cache Frontends and Backends 395

Using the Cache Manager 398

Caching Doctrine Queries 399

Optimizing Application Code 401

Query Tuning 401

Lazy Loading 404

Try This 12-1 Improving Application Performance 405

Configuring the Application Cache 405

Caching Translation Strings 406

Caching Query Results 406

Caching Twitter and Blog Feeds 408

Summary 410

A Installing and Configuring Required Software 413

Obtaining the Software 414

Installing and Configuring the Software 416

Installing on UNIX 416

Installing on Windows 420

Testing the Software 426

Testing MySQL 426

Testing PHP 427

Setting the MySQL Superu-User Password 428

Summary 428

Index 429