The Holocaust in the Soviet Union Book

List of Illustrations

Pt. 1 The Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union Before World War II

1 Jews in Czarist Russia 3

2 Jews in the USSR and in the Annexed Territories between the Two World Wars 16

Pt. 2 The Impact of Political and Military Developments on the Jews of Eastern Europe, September 1, 1939, to June 22, 1941

3 German-Soviet Relations and Geopolitical Changes in Eastern Europe 35

4 The Jews in the Soviet Annexed Territories 42

5 Preparations in Germany for the Attack on the Soviet Union and the Annihilation of the Jews 51

Pt. 3 The German Attack on the Soviet Union

6 Invasion under the Slogan "War on Judeo-Bolshevism" 65

7 Evacuation of the Soviet Population: Jews in Organized and Individual Evacuation 72

8 Anti-Jewish Pogroms during the Early Days of Occupation 88

9 The German Administration in the Occupied Territories and Its Anti-Jewish Policy 96

Pt. 4 Mass Murder, First Stage: June 22, 1941, to Winter 1941-42

10 Einsatzgruppen Routes of Advance and Method of Extermination 125

11 Reichskommissariat Ostland: Ghettos and Extermination 141

12 Reichskommissariat Ukraine: Ghettos and Extermination 163

13 Military Administration Areas: Ghettos and Extermination 185

14 Extermination of the Jews of Crimea 202

15 The German Army from "Freedom of Action" for the Einsatzgruppen to Active Collaboration in the Murders 212

16 Persecution of the Jews in District Galicia 223

17 Romania and Transnistria: Expulsion and Mass Murder 229

Pt. 5 Mass Murder, Second Stage: From Spring to Late 1942

18 The Killing Actions in Ostland and the Grodno-Volkovysk Region (Generalbezirk Bialystok) 251

19 Annihilation inReichskommissariat Ukraine 263

20 Mass Murder in District Galicia: Operation Reinhard 274

21 Annihilation in Areas under Military Administration 286

22 Transnistria: Life in the Shadow of Death 298

Pt. 6 Mass Murder, Third Stage: From Early 1943 Until the End of German Occupation

23 Liquidation of the Last Ghettos in Reichskommissariat Ostland 311

24 Liquidation of the Last Ghettos in Reichskommissariat Ukraine 334

25 Survival in Transnistria 341

26 Action 1005 347

Pt. 7 The Murder of Specific Jewish Groups

27 The Murder of Mixed Marriages, Their Offspring, and Jewish Children in Boardinghouses 359

28 The Murder of Jewish Prisoners of War 376

29 Extermination in Ostland of Jews from the Third Reich 388

Pt. 8 The Robbery of Jewish Property and Cultural Values

30 Confiscation and Plunder 399

31 The Pillage of Cultural Assets 411

Pt. 9 Non-Jewish Society and Its Reaction to the Genocide of the Jews

32 The Local Population 421

33 The Righteous among the Nations 430

34 Attitudes of the Churches and Clergy toward the German Administration and Its Anti-Jewish Policy 440

Pt. 10 The Jews in Their Struggle for Life and in Armed Resistance

35 The Individual, the Public, and Jewish Councils in a Battle for Survival 453

36 The Jewish Armed Underground in the Ghettos 482

37 The Jews in Forests and the Partisan Movement 505

38 Blood Account: Casualties and Survivors 517

Conclusion 527

Epilogue: The Holocaust and Soviet Governing Authorities 532

Notes 545

Bibliography 619

Index 635