The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers: The Human Rights Years, 1945-1948 Book

Acknowledgments     xxv
Foreword     xxxi
Introduction     xxxv
Editorial Principles and Practices     xlv
Chronology     li
Abbreviations     lix
1945: April-December
Introduction: "We have to start again under our own momentum and wonder what we can achieve."     1
Leaving the White House
Eleanor Roosevelt to Lorena Hickok 19 April 1945     13
On Starting Over
My Day 19 April 1945     15
On FDR and the Founding of the United Nations
My Day 25 April 1945     18
On Germans and the Holocaust
My Day 28 April 1945     21
On the Dangers of Racial Superiority
My Day 30 April 1945     23
If You Ask Me [excerpt] May 1945     25
On Churchill, Stalin, and the German Surrender
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 10 May 1945     27
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 14 May 1945     28
On the Bretton Woods Accords
My Day 21 May 1945     33
On ER's Political Future
Harold Ickes to Eleanor Roosevelt 21 May 1945     35
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harold Ickes 26 May 1945     36
On the Importance of Unions
My Day 26 May 1945     39
On Stettinius and the San Francisco Conference
My Day 31 May 1945     41
My Day 1 June 1945     42
Eleanor Roosevelt and Democratic Party Politics
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 3 June 1945     46
Eleanor Roosevelt to Robert Hannegan 3 June 1945     47
Eleanor Roosevelt to Edward Flynn 8 June 1945     49
On Earl Browder and the Communist Party of the United States
My Day 9 June 1945     53
My Day 22 June 1945     54
"Tolerance Is an Ugly Word" July 1945     56
On Being a Correspondent in Russia
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 2 July 1945     57
On Argentina, Poland, and the United Nations
Edward Stettinius to Eleanor Roosevelt 10 July 1945     59
Edward Stettinius to Eleanor Roosevelt 26 July 1945     60
Eleanor Roosevelt and the National Citizens Political Action Committee
Eleanor Roosevelt to C. B. Baldwin 19 July 1945     63
Eleanor Roosevelt to Sidney Hillman 27 July 1945     64
"From the Melting Pot-An American Race" 14 July 1945     66
On Martin Niemoller, Part 1
My Day 7 August 1945     70
Ben L. Rose to Eleanor Roosevelt 4 September 1945     71
Eleanor Roosevelt to Ben L. Rose 20 September 1945     72
Trude Lash to Eleanor Roosevelt 1 October 1945     72
On the New York City Mayoral Race
My Day 9 August 1945     76
David Dubinsky to Eleanor Roosevelt 24 August 1945     77
Eleanor Roosevelt to David Dubinsky 27 August 1945     79
Eleanor Roosevelt to David Dubinsky 24 September 1945     80
On the Atomic Bomb
My Day 11 August 1945     85
On the Japanese Surrender
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 15 August 1945     87
Eleanor Roosevelt and Trusteeship Politics
Charles Taussig Conversation wth Eleanor Roosevelt 27 August 1945     91
Eleanor Roosevelt and United Feature Syndicate's Russian Assignment
Eleanor Roosevelt to James Byrnes 30 August 1945     96
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 14 September 1945     97
On Full Employment
My Day 30 August 1945     99
If You Ask Me [excerpt] September 1945     101
"Public Health" September 1945     102
On the Pearl Harbor Commission and Congress
My Day 1 September 1945     104
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 1 September 1945     105
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 7 September 1945     106
On the UAW Strike Against General Motors
My Day 19 September 1945     108
"Suspicion as Peace Bar Feared by Mrs. Roosevelt" 2 October 1945     111
Rebutting Walter Winchell
"Mrs. Roosevelt Says U.S. Must Forget Fears" 10 October 1945     114
"Mrs. Roosevelt Speaks Out" [excerpt] 22 October 1945     115
Eleanor Roosevelt to Walter Winchell 22 October 1945     115
On Hazel Scott, the Daughters of the American Revolution, and Constitution Hall
My Day 15 October 1945     118
Eleanor Roosevelt and the United Auto Workers Strike
Walter Reuther to Eleanor Roosevelt 15 October 1945     120
Eleanor Roosevelt to Walter Reuther 25 October 1945     120
On FDR, King Ibn Saud, and a Jewish State in Palestine
My Day 25 October 1945     123
Campaigning for the National Citizens Political Action Committee
"Mrs. Roosevelt in PAC Talk Here" 1 November 1945     125
Pushing for Full Employment
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 1 November 1945     130
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 6 November 1945     131
Interceding for Refugee Aid
Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson 15 November 1945     134
On Winning the Peace
Founders' Day Dinner Address, Roosevelt College 16 November 1945     136
Assessing the Truman Administration
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 20 November 1945     139
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 26 November 1945     141
On Truman's National Health Insurance Proposal
My Day [excerpt] 24 November 1945     145
"Mrs. Roosevelt Hits Mme. Chiang" 5 December 1945     147
On the United Auto Workers Strike
My Day 8 December 1945     149
Walter Reuther to Eleanor Roosevelt 14 December 1945     150
On Funding the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
My Day 18 December 1945     154
On Discrimination against Japanese Americans
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 21 December 1945     156
Eleanor Roosevelt Accepts Appointment to the United Nations
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 21 December 1945     158
My Day 22 December 1945     159
Archibald MacLeish to Eleanor Roosevelt 27 December 1945     160
Walter White to Eleanor Roosevelt 28 December 1945     161
Walter White to Eleanor Roosevelt 28 December 1945     162
On the American Committee for Yugoslav Relief
Eleanor Roosevelt to Orson Welles 30 December 1945     168
1946: January-May
Introduction: "When will our consciences grow so tender that we will act to prevent human misery rather than avenge it?"     171
"I Can Say Just What I Want"
Memorandum of Press Conference 3 January 1946     182
Eleanor Roosevelt's London Diary
London Diary 6 January 1946     193
London Diary 7 January 1946     194
London Diary 9 January 1946     195
Drafting the US Position on Refugees
Minutes of Meeting of Committee 3 Group 10 January 1946     202
Fielding Questions on the United Nations
Memorandum of Press Conference 15 January 1946     207
Eleanor Roosevelt's London Diary
London Diary 16 January 1946     213
On Hopes for the United Nations
Albert Hall Speech 17 January 1946     216
On Jews, Relocation, and Palestine
Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Lafayette A. Goldstone 18 January 1946     219
Eleanor Roosevelt's London Diary
London Diary 23 January 1946     221
London Diary 27 January 1946     221
The Madison Square Garden Rally for the FEPC
A. Philip Randolph to Eleanor Roosevelt 28 January 1946     228
Opposing Refugee Repatriation
Speech before the Committee on Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Affairs 28 January 1946     230
On Argentina and Other Matters
Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph Lash 3 February 1946     234
Eleanor Roosevelt's London Diary
London Diary 6 February 1946     238
Recapping the UN's First Session
My Day 11 February 1946     242
Debating Vyshinsky and United Nations Refugee Policy, Part 1
Andrei Vyshinsky's Speech in the General Assembly 12 February 1946     244
Eleanor Roosevelt's Response 12 February 1946     246
Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph Lash 13 February 1946     248
On Refugees and Postwar Germany
My Day 16 February 1946     252
My Day 18 February 1946     253
Speech before Women's Division of the United Jewish Appeal 20 February 1946     255
If You Ask Me [excerpt] March 1946     262
On Postwar Europe, Soviet Posturing, and Presidential Cronyism
Memorandum for the President 1 March 1946     264
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 7 March 1946     267
"The Heavy Cost of Peace"
Address to the "Women's Joint Congressional Committee 14 March 1946     271
On Winston Churchill
Arthur Murray to Eleanor Roosevelt 19 March 1946     280
Eleanor Roosevelt to Arthur Murray 13 April 1946     280
Eleanor Roosevelt and the Columbia, Tennessee, Riot
Walter White to Eleanor Roosevelt 19 March 1946     283
Eleanor Roosevelt to Walter White 22 March 1946     283
Mary McLeod Bethune to Eleanor Roosevelt 23 March 1946     283
Walter White to Eleanor Roosevelt 25 March 1946     284
Minutes of the National Committee for Defense of Columbia, Tennessee "Riot" Victims 4 April 1946     286
Creating a Machinery for Peace
"Mrs. Roosevelt Speaks" 29 March 1946     290
Rebutting Jim Crow
Eleanor Roosevelt to Allen Smith 24 April 1946     293
On Immigration to Palestine
Eleanor Roosevelt to James McDonald 28 April 1946     295
Instructing the Nuclear Commission on Human Rights
Commission on Human Rights Summary Record [excerpt] 2 May 1946     298
On Preventing World War III
My Day 7 May 1946     303
On the Proposed UN Subcommission on the Status of Women
Carrie Chapman Catt to Eleanor Roosevelt 7 May 1946     305
On Intermarriage
James Evans to Eleanor Roosevelt 7 May 1946     309
Eleanor Roosevelt to James Evans 13 May 1946     310
On the Railroad Strike and the Children's Bureau
My Day 25 May 1946     312
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 27 May 1946     313
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 10 June 1946     314
On the National Committee for Justice in Columbia, Tennessee
Fund-raising Letter 29 May 1946     318
1946: June-December
Introduction: "In our haste to get back to the business of normal living, have we forgotten to be the great people we that we were expected to be?"     321
If You Ask Me [excerpt] June 1946     328
On Women, Equal Rights, and the United Nations
My Day 1 June 1946     329
On Stettinius's Resignation
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 1 June 1946     332
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 4 June 1946     333
On United States Policy on Palestine
Eleanor Roosevelt to James Byrnes 5 June 1946     335
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 12 June 1946     335
On Refugees and Displaced Persons
Katherine, Duchess of Atholl, to Eleanor Roosevelt 14 June 1946     338
Eleanor Roosevelt to Katherine Atholl 19 June 1946      339
Refuting Anti-Semitism
Eleanor Roosevelt to Peggie Wingard 14 June 1946     341
On Bernard Baruch and Atomic Energy
My Day 17 June 1946     342
Rebutting the British Position on Palestine
My Day 22 June 1946     345
Challenging the Columbia Grand Jury
Statement by the National Committee for Justice in Columbia, Tennessee 26 June 1946     347
On Invoking FDR's Name
Eleanor Roosevelt to Stephen Feeley 27 June 1946     349
Eleanor Roosevelt and Conscientious Objectors, Part 1
Eleanor Roosevelt to Malcolm Parker and Friends 27 June 1946     352
Eleanor Roosevelt to Tom Clark 27 June 1946     352
Tom Clark to Eleanor Roosevelt 29 July 1946     352
Women and the Truman Administration
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 30 June 1946     356
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 8 July 1946     357
Declining, Once Again
"Why I Do Not Choose To Run" 9 July 1946     359
On the Equal Rights Amendment
Eleanor Roosevelt to Florence Kitchelt 23 July 1946     362
On Faith and Governance
My Day 8 August 1946     363
On American Values and Foreign Aid
My Day 23 August 1946     365
On the Irgun, Bevin, and the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
Eleanor Roosevelt to Stella Reading 23 August 1946     368
Stella Reading to Eleanor Roosevelt 28 August 1946      369
Critiquing Dewey, Challenging the Party
Keynote Speech, Democratic State Convention 3 September 1946     371
On the Partition of Palestine
Eleanor Roosevelt to George Van Horn Moseley 5 September 1946     378
Offering Campaign Advice
Eleanor Roosevelt to William Schafer 8 September 1946     380
Baruch and Wallace on the Atomic Bomb
Telephone Message from Bernard Baruch for Eleanor Roosevelt [18?] September 1946     382
On Truman, Stalin, and Churchill
Eleanor Roosevelt to Arthur Murray 10 October 1946     384
Following Up on the Columbia, Tennessee, Riot
Thurgood Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt 28 October 1946     386
Tom Clark to Eleanor Roosevelt 26 November 1946     388
On Strikes, Big Labor, and Wage Controls
Eleanor Roosevelt to Hugh Sanford 30 October 1946     390
On Faith and Prejudice
"The Minorities Question" November 1946     392
Debating Vyshinsky and United Nations Refugee Policy, Part 2
Statement, U.S. Position on International Refugee Organization 8 November 1946     396
On the Republican Sweep in 1946
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 8 November 1946     402
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 14 November 1946     402
Women, Equal Rights, and the United Nations
Nora Stanton Barney to Eleanor Roosevelt 11 November 1946     404
Eleanor Roosevelt to Nora Stanton Barney 25 November 1946     405
Eleanor Roosevelt and Conscientious Objectors, Part 2
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 2 December 1946     407
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 6 December 1946     407
A Proposed International Congress of Women
Eleanor Roosevelt to Louise Grant Smith 3 December 1946     409
On Recognizing Franco
Freda Kirchwey to Eleanor Roosevelt 3 December 1946     411
Eleanor Roosevelt to Freda Kirchwey 4 December 1946     412
Freda Kirchwey to Eleanor Roosevelt 11 December 1946     412
Eleanor Roosevelt to Freda Kirchwey [?] December 1946     413
On Martin Niemoller, Part 2
Eleanor Roosevelt to G. Bromley Oxnam 6 December 1946     418
Eleanor Roosevelt to G. Bromley Oxnam 21 December 1946     419
Interceding for Refugees
Jan Masaryk to Eleanor Roosevelt 13 December 1946     421
On the International Refugee Organization and UNICEF
My Day 13 December 1946     423
Speech to the General Assembly on the International Refugee Organization 15 December 1946     424
Eleanor Roosevelt to Edward Flynn 17 December 1946     426
Eleanor Roosevelt to Clarence Pickett 17 December 1946     427
Responding to a Vehement Critic
Eleanor Roosevelt to Vincent Burns [?] December 1946     431
On Franco and Stalin
Eleanor Roosevelt to Catherine Gallagher 21 December 1946     434
On the Progressive Citizens of America
Eleanor Roosevelt to C. B. Baldwin 29 December 1946     438
C. B. Baldwin to Eleanor Roosevelt 13 January 1947     438
Eleanor Roosevelt to C.B. Baldwin 16 January 1947     439
1947: January-June
Introduction: "I feel very keenly the importance of this Commission"     441
If You Ask Me [excerpt] January 1947     448
Eleanor Roosevelt and Americans for Democratic Action, Part 1
"Liberals Look Ahead for Gains under Democratic Action" 4 January 1947     450
Eleanor Roosevelt to Helen Bush 16 January 1947     452
Bipartisanship and Foreign Policy
Eleanor Roosevelt to Arthur Vandenberg 6 January 1947     455
Arthur Vandenberg to Eleanor Roosevelt 9 January 1947     456
Interceding for Illegal Immigrants
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 7 January 1947     459
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 16 January 1947     459
On the Proposed Women's International Information Service
Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson 8 January 1947     462
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 19 February 1947     463
Eleanor Roosevelt to Stella Reading 26 May 1947     464
Answering a College Student's Questions
Eleanor Roosevelt to Peter Lucas 11 January 1947     467
On American Relief for Greek Democracy
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Boardman 11 January 1947     468
Answering a High School Student's Questions
Beatrice Hauser to Eleanor Roosevelt 13 January 1947     470
Eleanor Roosevelt to Beatrice Hauser January 1947     470
On Communism, Fascism, and Americans for Democratic Action
Eleanor Roosevelt to Max Lerner 19 January 1947     473
Max Lerner to Eleanor Roosevelt 22 January 1947     473
Eleanor Roosevelt to Max Lerner 28 January 1947     474
On Common Cause
Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Wales Latham 19 January 1947     476
Eleanor Roosevelt and Americans for Democratic Action, Part 2
"Mrs. Roosevelt's Position" 23 January 1947     478
Eleanor Roosevelt to James Loeb, Jr. January 1947     479
Refusing to Speak in Toronto
Eleanor Roosevelt to Faye McLean 23 January 1947     481
Eleanor Roosevelt to Faye McLean 23 February 1947     481
On the Rehabilitation of Germany and the IRO
Eleanor Roosevelt to George Marshall 27 January 1947     484
George Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt 4 February 1947     485
Determining the HRC Position on Petitions
Verbatim Report, Commission on Human Rights [excerpt] 27 January 1947     489
On Braden, Messersmith, Peron, and US Policy toward Argentina
Eleanor Roosevelt to Sumner Welles 2 February 1947     492
Sumner Welles to Eleanor Roosevelt 5 February 1947     493
Eleanor Roosevelt to Sumner Welles 12 February 1947     495
Sumner Welles to Eleanor Roosevelt 17 February 1947     496
Eleanor Roosevelt to Sumner Welles 23 February 1947     498
Proposing Ground Rules for Committee Debates on Human Rights
Commission on Human Rights, Verbatim Record [excerpt] 4 February 1947     506
Diplomacy, Soviet Style
"The Russians Are Tough" 18 February 1947     511
Questioning the Administration's Policy on Greece
Memorandum of Conversation between Eleanor Roosevelt and Thomas Powers, Jr. 25 March 1947     516
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 11 April 1947     517
Questioning the Truman Doctrine, Part 1
Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson 26 March 1947     519
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 15 April 1947     520
On the Call for a Third Party
Fiorello La Guardia to Eleanor Roosevelt 2 April 1947     522
Eleanor Roosevelt to Fiorello La Guardia 11 April 1947     524
Progressive Citizens of America
Eleanor Roosevelt to Nedra Dalmann 11 April 1947     527
On Aid to Yugoslavia, Part 1
Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson 11 April 1947     529
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 28 April 1947     530
Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson 16 April 1947     531
Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt 7 May 1947     531
Questioning the Truman Doctrine, Part 2
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 17 April 1947     533
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 7 May 1947     534
On Wallace's European Lecture Tour
Eleanor Roosevelt to C. B. Baldwin 17 April 1947     540
On Aid to Yugoslavia, Part 2
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 19 May 1947     541
The US, Great Britain, Russia, and the Rehabilitation of Germany
Eleanor Roosevelt to John Foster Dulles 21 May 1947     544
John Foster Dulles to Eleanor Roosevelt 26 May 1947     545
Eleanor Roosevelt to John Foster Dulles 3 June 1947     546
Education and the Perfection of Democracy
Address, Roosevelt College 24 May 1947     548
On the Violence in Palestine
Eleanor Roosevelt to George Marshall 26 May 1947     552
George Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt 20 June 1947     552
If You Ask Me [excerpt] June 1947     555
Preparing to Draft the Declaration
James Hendrick Memorandum of Conversation with Eleanor Roosevelt 3 June 1947     556
Draft Eisenhower and the California Jackson Day Dinner
Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry Truman 7 June 1947     560
Harry Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt 16 June 1947     561
Eleanor Roosevelt to James Roosevelt 26 June 1947     562
Criticizing Taft-Hartley and John L. Lewis
Eleanor Roosevelt to A. F. Whitney 17 June 1947     565
Debating Cassin's Draft Declaration
Verbatim Record of the Drafting Committee of the Commission on Human Rights [excerpt] 20 June 1947     567
On Negotiating with Russia
Eleanor Roosevelt to Chester Bryant 28 June 1947     575
1947: July-December
Introduction: "Either we are strong enough to live as a free people or we will become a police state."     577
If You Ask Me [excerpt] July 1947     586
Eleanor Roosevelt, Warren Austin, and the Proposed Covenants on Human Rights
James Hendrick Memorandum of Conversation with Eleanor Roosevelt 3 July 1947     587
Assessing the Marshall Plan
Eleanor Roosevelt to Mary Ester R. Hill 6 July 1947     590
On Faith, Political Stewardship, and Racial Violence
Dorothy Tilly to Eleanor Roosevelt 14 July 1947     592
Eleanor Roosevelt to Dorothy Tilly 31 July 1947     593
The United Nations and the Marshall Plan
Eleanor Roosevelt to George Marshall 18 July 1947     597
George Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt 22 July 1947     597
The Stratton Bill and US Refugee Policy
My Day 23 July 1947     599
On Jewish War Orphans
Eleanor Roosevelt to James Hendrick 31 July 1947     602
James Hendrick to Eleanor Roosevelt 15 October 1947     603
On Prejudice and American Fascism
My Day 13 August 1947