Spacefaring: The Human Dimension Book

	Preface	xi
	Acknowledgments	xvii
1.	Why Space?	1
	The Beckoning Heavens
	Knowledge Motives
	Advancing Science and Technology
	Education and Human Resource Development
	Economic Motives
	Spin-Offs
	Managing Life on Planet Earth
	Use of Space Resources
	Space Tourism
	Psychological and Social Motives
	Personal Motivation
	Uniting Humanity
	Conclusion
2.	Spaceflight Human Factors	19
	Systems
	Human Factors
	The Changing Conditions of Spaceflight
	Lessons from Space, Lessons from Earth
	Spaceflight
	Simulated Spaceflight Environments
	Maritime Environments
	Polar Environments
	Conclusion
3.	Hazards and Countermeasures	38
	Environmental Risks
	Acceleration
	Microgravity
	Radiation
	Maintaining Health in Space
	Preventative Measures
	In-Flight Medical Treatment
	Conclusion
4.	Life Support	58
	Spacecraft and Habitats
	Visiting Space and the Race to the Moon
	Shuttles and Space Stations
	Life Support Systems
	Artificial Atmosphere
	Temperature
	Water
	Food
	Clothing
	Waste Management
	In Situ Resource Utilization
	Biospheres
	Planetary Engineering
	Conclusion
5.	Habitability	80
	Architectural Considerations
	Forms and Configurations
	Deployable Structures
	Privacy
	Functional Aesthetics
	Lighting
	Sound Control
	Odor Control
	Conclusion
6.	Selection and Training	98
	Selection
	Basic Qualifications
	Psychological Criteria
	Ability
	Stability
	Social Compatibility
	Training
	Informal and Formal Training
	Applying Principles of Learning
	Simulators
	Education in Space
	Conclusion
7.	Stress and Coping	117
	Sources of Stress
	Physical Environmental Stressors
	Interpersonal Stressors
	Organizational Stressors
	Consequences of Stress
	Cognitive Effects
	Health
	Psychological Reactions over Time
	Managing Stress
	Personal Coping
	Peer Support
	Psychological Support Groups
	Psychiatric Health Maintenance Facilities
	Conclusion
8.	Group Dynamics	137
	Crew Composition
	Crew Size
	Age
	Gender and Ethnicity
	International Crews
	Group Structure and Process
	Leadership
	Communication
	Conformity
	Cohesiveness
	Decision Making
	Conflict
	Factionalism
	Conflicts with Mission Control
	Conclusion
9.	At Work	158
	Spaceflight Conditions and Human Performance
	Perception
	Circadian Rhythms
	Working in Microgravity
	Space Suits and Extravehicular Activities
	Role Loading
	The Spacefarer's Tool Kit
	Work Spaces
	Basic Tools
	Partnering With Intelligent Machines
	Assigning Tasks to People and Machines
	Trust
	Who's in Charge Here?
	Conclusion
10.	Mishaps	173
	Failures and Errors
	Psychological Factors
	Small-Group Factors
	Organizational Factors
	Designs
	Quality and Reliability
	Safety Devices
	User-Friendly Designs
	Keeping the Operator in the Loop
	Conclusion
11.	Off Duty	190
	Self-Maintenance
	Personal Hygiene
	Eating and Drinking
	Sleeping
	Sex in Space
	Leisure Time Activities
	Self-Improvement
	Recreation
	Maintaining Contact with Family and Friends
	Down to Earth
	Family Relationships
	Working with the Public
	Retirement
	Conclusion
12.	Space Tourism	206
	Tourist-Friendly Spaceflight
	Who Can Go?
	Tourist Accommodations
	Tourist Activities
	Suborbital Flight
	Orbital Flights
	Hotels and Resorts
	Fitting in
	Tourists and Professionals
	Environmental Protection
	Conclusion
13.	Space Settlements	222
	Visions of the Future
	Moonbase
	Mars
	Orbiting Colonies
	The Millennial Project
	Life On the High Frontier
	Existence Needs
	Relatedness Needs
	Growth Needs
	Conclusion
14.	Interstellar Migration	241
	Starflight
	Destinations
	Interstellar Spacecraft
	Multigeneration Missions
	Slowships
	Fastships
	Single-Generation Missions
	Shorten the Flight
	Lengthen Life
	Interstellar Humanity
	Population
	Cultures
	Interstellar Politics
	Conclusion
15.	Restoring the Deram	262
	What Went Wrong on the Way to the Future?
	Public Opinion
	Constituencies
	Organizational Dynamics
	Back to the Future
	Cutting Costs
	Partnerships
	Conclusion
	Notes	281
	Index	313