Skills for Productivity Vocational Education and Training in Developing Countries Book

	Foreword
	Preface
	Acknowledgments
	Introduction	1
	Issues	3
	Structure of the Analysis	5
	Research Base	8
	A Note on Terminology	8
1	Skill Markets and Modes of Training	13
	The Markets for Skills	13
	The Many Paths to Skilled Employment	25
2	The Record	37
	Human Capital and Development	39
	Training and Productivity Growth	43
	The Record of Training as a Supply Policy	51
	The Costs of Training	67
3	The Economic Environment of Skills Development	72
	Trends in Development: The Challenges of the 1990s	72
	The Policy Environment	84
4	Designing Responsive Public Training Policies	105
	Selecting Rationales for Government Intervention	105
	Diversifying Finance	118
	Building Capacity for Policy Implementation	129
5	Establishing Market-Oriented Manpower Planning	134
	Roles of the Manpower Planner	134
	Abandoning Manpower Requirements Forecasting	136
	Introducing Labor Market Signaling	140
	Sources of Labor Market Information	152
	Connecting Manpower and Economic Planning	155
6	Mobilizing Employer and Private Training	158
	Training by Private Employers	158
	Training by Public Employers	171
	Traditional Apprenticeship	174
	Private Training Institutions	180
7	Improving Responsiveness and Efficiency in Public Training	185
	Constraints on Individual Training Modes	186
	Common Constraints	194
	Improving Responsiveness and Efficiency	201
8	The Role of Training in Poverty Reduction	217
	Acquiring Rural Skills	220
	Conventional Training Modes for the Urban Informal Sector	224
	Sponsored Interventions	227
	Costs of Sponsored Interventions	243
	Implications for Public Policy	245
9	Planning for Policy Reforms	253
	Developing Policy Strategies	253
	Building Policy Strategies for Different Contexts	265
	Planning for Implementation	269
10	International Assistance	278
	Patterns of International Support	278
	Priorities for International Cooperation	290
	Priorities for Future Research	292
	Appendix I. Selected Evaluation Studies in Developing Countries	299
	Appendix II. Statistical Appendix	307
	References	317
	Subject Index	337
	Citation Index	349