Progressive Image Transmission: The Role of Rationality, Cooperation, and Justice Book

	Preface	ix
Chapter 1	Rationality in Progressive Transmission	1
1.1	Introduction	1
1.2	Basic elements of the selection problem	4
1.3	Basic axioms for avoiding forms of behavioral inconsistency	5
1.4	Progressive transmission utility functions	8
1.4.1	Rate control procedure	13
Chapter 2	Coder Evaluation Procedure	15
2.1	Introduction	15
2.2	Compound gain: A computational tool for predicting visual distinctness	17
2.3	Comparison between PSNR and CG	19
2.3.1	Images	20
2.3.2	Psychophysical target distinctness	22
2.3.3	Evaluation function	24
2.3.4	Experiment 1	25
2.3.5	Experiment 2	26
2.3.6	Statistical accuracy	26
2.4	Objective coder selection procedure	28
2.4.1	An example	29
2.5	Assessment of risk attitudes in rational transmission	31
2.5.1	Objective evaluation	37
2.5.2	Subjective evaluation	37
Chapter 3	Visual Distinctness of Prioritized Data	41
3.1	Introduction	41
3.2	Prioritization by distortion measures and by human observers	44
3.2.1	Distortion measures for prioritization protocols	44
3.2.2	Psychophysical experiments	47
3.3	Results and discussion	49
3.3.1	Experiment 1	49
3.3.2	Experiment 2	51
3.3.3	Experiment 3	52
3.3.4	Experiment 4	54
Chapter 4	Integration of Rationality and Cooperation	61
4.1	Introduction	61
4.2	Cooperative decision for bit allocation	62
4.3	Self-control of risk aversion attitude in progressive transmission	63
4.4	Integration of rationality/cooperation in unsteady-state transmission	65
4.4.1	Self-rewarding risk attitude	67
4.4.2	Self-rewarding attitude integrates cooperative action with rationality	68
4.5	Experimental results	70
4.5.1	Subjective coder evaluation	70
4.5.2	Objective coder evaluation	72
Chapter 5	Conflict and Cooperation at Very Low Bit Rates	81
5.1	Introduction	81
5.2	Acceleration of benefit gain by increasing risk attitude tolerance	82
5.3	A coalitional game for controlling a quantizer's risk tolerance	84
5.4	A family of solutions for the coalitional game	86
5.5	Assessment of weight functions	88
5.6	Experimental results	91
5.6.1	Subjective coder evaluation	91
5.6.2	Objective coder evaluation	96
5.7	The self-rewarding solution and the dissatisfaction solution	99
5.7.1	Basic properties of the dissatisfaction solution	99
5.7.2	Relationship between the self-rewarding solution and the dissatisfaction solution	100
Chapter 6	Justice in Rational Transmission	105
6.1	Introduction	105
6.2	Just quantizer formation	110
6.3	A priori importance of an SOT	112
6.3.1	SOT-restricted games: Cooperation and communication among wavelet coefficients	113
6.3.2	Zerotree solution for SOT-restricted games	114
6.4	Experimental results	117
6.4.1	Subjective coder evaluation	117
6.4.2	Objective coder evaluation	122
6.5	Just transmission	125
	Epilogue: Rationality, Cooperation, and Justice	129
Appendix A	Fundamentals in Embedded Zerotree Wavelet Coding	143
A.1	Introduction	143
A.2	Progressive transmission	144
A.3	Wavelet transform; decomposition into subbands	146
A.4	Compression algorithm based on "zerotrees"	151
A.4.1	SPIHT	153
Appendix B	REWIC Algorithm	163
B.1	Algorithms for encoding/decoding an image in REWIC format	163
B.2	Algorithms for encoding/decoding an image in RECON format	168
Appendix C	Information Theoretic Measure	173
C.1	Introduction	173
C.2	Information conservation constraint	178
C.2.1	Selective information gain	180
C.2.2	Properties of the selective information gain	180
C.3	Significance conservation constraint	183
C.3.1	Compound information gain	183
C.3.2	Properties of the CG	185
Appendix D	Best Achievable Compression Ratio	189
D.1	Introduction	189
D.2	The best achievable compression ratio	190
D.3	Effects of lossy compression at the best achievable compression ratio	193
D.3.1	Results	195
	Bibliography	199
	Index	209