Mayo Clinic on Osteoporosis: How to Keep Your Bones Strong and Reduce the Risk of Fracture Book

	Preface	v
Part 1	Understanding osteoporosis
Chapter 1	What is osteoporosis?	3
	The consequences of osteoporosis	4
	The bone bank	6
	Signs and symptoms	8
	Types	9
	A positive perspective on bone health	11
Chapter 2	The life cycle of bones	13
	Bone basics	14
	Bone remodeling	16
	A carefully regulated process	18
	Peak bone mass	20
	Aging and your bones	22
	Maximizing peak bone mass	26
Chapter 3	Fractures and falls	27
	Common types of osteoporotic fractures	28
	Risks of falling	34
	Risks of a second fracture	38
	The critical role of fracture prevention	40
Chapter 4	Can you reduce your risk of osteoporosis?	41
	Assessing your chances	42
	Risk factors you can't change	42
	Risk factors you may influence	45
	Risk factors you can change	49
	What you can do	51
Chapter 5	Screening and diagnosis	53
	Screening vs. diagnosing	54
	What is a bone density test?	55
	How do bone densitometers work?	60
	Types of bone densitometers	60
	History and physical evaluation	68
	Bone marker tests	69
	Making a diagnosis	70
Chapter 6	Making sense of your test results	71
	What you see on your test results	72
	Understanding T-scores	76
	Understanding Z-scores	78
	How are the numbers used?	79
	Can test results predict a fracture?	81
	Putting T-scores and Z-scores in context	82
	Important considerations	83
Part 2	Preventing and treating osteoporosis
Chapter 7	Elements of your action plan	87
	Strong bones for a lifetime	88
	Diet and nutrition	89
	Physical activity	96
	Medications	97
	Healthy behaviors	97
	Perfecting your posture	100
	Meeting the challenge	100
Chapter 8	Eating for healthy bones	101
	Good nutrition in a nutshell	102
	Calcium in your diet	105
	Tips for increasing your calcium intake	106
	Bone-healthy menus and recipes	110
	Calcium supplements	116
Chapter 9	Staying active	121
	Putting theory into practice	121
	Getting started	122
	Exercises for osteoporosis	127
	How much should you exercise?	136
	Staying in the game	137
Chapter 10	Taking medications	139
	Estrogen and hormone replacement therapy	140
	Bisphosphonates	144
	Teriparatide	145
	Raloxifene	147
	Calcitonin	148
	Medications under investigation	150
	Evaluating your options	152
Chapter 11	Living with osteoporosis	153
	Practice good posture	154
	Boost your emotional health	159
	Maintain social connections	164
Chapter 12	Recovering from a fracture	167
	The nature of your recovery	168
	How bone heals	168
	Treating vertebral fractures	170
	Treating hip fractures	174
	Treating wrist fractures	179
	Managing chronic pain	181
Chapter 13	Home safety	185
	Staying safe indoors	186
	Assistive devices: Help around the house	189
	The importance of attitude	195
	Taking control	196
	Additional resources	197
	Index	201