Darfur: The Long Road to Disaster Book

Contents

Maps

Acronyms

Preface

1. Sahara, Sahel, and Sudan

Continuities

Crossing the Sahara

The Power of Belief

The Bonds of Blood

Boundaries and Frontiers

Implacable Imperialism

Notes

2. Chad: An African Conundrum

France and the Republic of Chad

The Tombalbaye Government

Seeking Support Outside Paris

Revolt in the B.E.T.

Drought and the Insurgency

FROLINAT

A Nasty Little War

The Tombalbaye Fights Back

The Return of the French

French Conditions and Tombalbaye's Response

Opposition in France

The French Military in Chad

The Libyan Card

Notes

3. The Sudan and Tombalbaye: Muslims and Christians

The Sudan and Chad

Sadiq al-Mahdi and Chad

FROLINAT Attacks

The Sahelian Drought

The Return of Hasan al-Turabi

Turabi and Sadiq

Numayri and Chad

4. Libya and Tombalbaye: Muslim Arabs and Christian Africans

Qaddafi's Game

Geopolitic Visions

The Chad-Libyan Boundary Dispute Revisited

Cartographic and Other Territorial Aggression

Hissene Habre

The Aozou Strip

Drought and Man in the Aozou Strip and the B.E.T.

Security for Tombalbaye

FROLINAT in Disarray

Líaffaire Claustre

Notes

5. The Struggle for Chad

The United States and Tombalbaye

Tombalbaye Assassinated

The Conseil Superieur Militaire du Tchad and Felix Malloum

Presidents Giscard and Malloum

Dissension within the FAN

Qaddafi and the Sudan

The Return of the French

Regional Geopolitics in a Changing World

Egypt, Libya, Niger, and the OAU

Habre Joins Malloum

The Popular Armed Forces on the Offensive

Notes

6. Libya Threatens Chad

Habre and the Transitional Government of National Unity

Political Disarray and Violence in Ndjamena

Libyan Intervention and GUNT

France Leaves, Libya Arrives

Habre Is Isolated

Libya Incorporates Chad

The OAU and Chad

The Reagan Response

The OAU and Libya

Notes

7. Habre Brings Order

Habre Recovers

Mitterrand Assumes Command

Habre on the Attack

Libyan Troops Depart Followed by the GUNT

Habre Triumphant

The United States and Habre

Qaddafi in Defeat and the Beginning of Organized Terror

Notes

8. The Libyan Counterattack

The United States, Chad, and the Sudan

Qaddafi on the Attack

Victories at Ounianga Kebir and Faya

The Gorane Counterattack

Operation Manta

Stabilizing the Red Line

The Vittel Conference

Pacifying the South

Habre's UNIR; Qaddafi's CLN

More Strains within the Rebel Leadership

From Tripoli to Crete

Notes

9. Famine in the B.E.T.: Instability in Darfur

Famine and Western Relief

Instability in the Sudan

Qaddafi Continues to Meddle in Chad

Numayri is Deposed

The Libyan Buildup

Operation Epervier

The United States Attacks Qaddafi

Sadiq Victorious

Sadiq and Darfur

Notes

10. Habre Victorious

Acheikh and the Battle for Fada

Goukouni the Captive

Habre Conquers All

Libya Attacks Goukouni

Qaddafi Attacks Ibri

Libyan Forces in Darfur

Qaddafi and Khartoum

Victory at Wadi Doum, Darfur, and Ounianga

The Fezzan Threatened; The Hadjerai Revolt

The FANT Invades Libya

Notes

11. Conflict in Darfur

Sadiq and the Libyans

Peace in the B.E.T.

1988 in Ndjamena, Tripoli, and El Fasher

Deby and the Zaghawa Defy Habre

The Collapse of the Chad-Libya Rapprochement

Tribal Tensions in Darfur

Revolution in the Sudan

Libya-Sudan Brotherhood

The Algiers Agreement and the Aozou

Habre and Deby Struggle for Darfur

Notes

12. Deby Victorious

The Libya-Sudan Integration Charter

Deby Takes the Offensive

Reaction in Darfur

Drought in Darfur

Deby Counterattacks, Again

The More things Change

Notes

13. A Tenuous Peace before the Conflict Resumes in Darfur and Chad

Regional Realignment

Chad in Political Change

Habre, Hail and Farewell

France, Deby, and Oil

The Aozou Solution

Notes

14. Disaster in Darfur

The Price of Impotence

The Crisis in Darfur: Sudan Liberation Movement/Army

Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)

The War

The International Community Struggles to Respond

The Media, Diplomacy, and Humanitarians

Prevarications and Genocide

Notes

15. Epilogue

The Chadian Connection

The Abuja Agreement

Bibliography

Index