Non-Photorealistic Computer Graphics: Modeling, Rendering, and Animation Book

	Foreword
	Preface
1	Introduction
1.1	Before and After Photorealism	3
1.2	Non-Photorealistic Rendering	7
1.3	Approaches to Algorithms for NPR	12
1.4	Visions for NPR	24
2	Pixel Manipulation of Images
2.1	Halftoning Methods	32
2.2	Screening	41
2.3	Stippling	60
2.4	Image Mosaics	72
3	Lines, Curves, and Strokes
3.1	Drawing "Incorrect" Lines	84
3.2	Drawing "Artistic" Lines - The Path and Style Metaphor	89
3.3	A Generalization: Multiresolution Curves	106
3.4	Comparison of the Line-Drawing Methods	110
4	Simulating Natural Media and Artistic Techniques
4.1	Simulating Painting with Wet Paint	114
4.2	Simulating Pencils Drawing on Paper	129
4.3	Simulating Woodcuts and Engravings	138
5	Stroke-Based Illustrations
5.1	Strokes and Stroke Textures	155
5.2	Detail and Orientation	163
5.3	Rescaling Stroke-Based Images	171
6	Working with 2 1/2D Data Structures
6.1	G-Buffers	183
6.2	Operations on G-Buffers	185
6.3	Comprehensible Rendering	188
6.4	Interactive Painting	191
6.5	3D Parameters for 2D Dithering	194
7	Geometric Models and Their Exploitation in NPR
7.1	Geometric Models as Data Types	204
7.2	Polygonal Models	211
7.3	Free-Form Surfaces	233
8	Lighting Models for NPR
8.1	Conveying Shape Versus Illumination	248
8.2	A Basic Lighting Model	253
8.3	Colored Illustrations	255
8.4	A Component-Based Lighting Model	260
8.5	Implementation Issues	266
9	Distorting Non-Realistic Renditions
9.1	Image-Space Distortion	270
9.2	Object-Space Distortion	281
9.3	Making Distortions Comprehensible	290
9.4	Distortions in an Animated Context	295
10	Applications for NPR
10.1	Non-Photorealistic Animation	305
10.2	Architectural Illustrations	311
10.3	Rendering Plants	321
10.4	Illustrating Medical and Technical Texts	324
10.5	Tactile Rendering for Blind People	331
11	A Conceptual Framework for NPR
11.1	Methodological Disclaimer	337
11.2	Mathematical Preliminaries: Equivalence Relations, Equivalence Classes, and Quotients	341
11.3	Physical Preliminaries: Communication via Light Rays	358
11.4	Neurobiological Context: Look-Ahead Sets and Look-Around Sets	370
11.5	A Model for Visual Communication	383
11.6	Summary and Practical Connection with NPR	406
	References	409
	Author Index	429
	Subject Index	431
	Figure Credits	459
	About the Authors	467