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Preface to the Series | iii | |
Preface to Volume 19 | v | |
Contributors | xiii | |
Contents of Other Volumes | xv | |
Chapter 1 | The Discovery of Ionophores: An Historical Account | 1 |
Abbreviations | 16 | |
References | 17 | |
Chapter 2 | Tetracyclines and Daunorubicin | 19 |
1. | Introduction | 19 |
2. | Tetracyclines | 20 |
3. | Daunorubicin | 40 |
References | 49 | |
Chapter 3 | Interaction of Metal Ions with Streptonigrin and Biological Properties of the Complexes | 53 |
1. | Introduction | 54 |
2. | Structural and Chemical Properties of Streptonigrin and Its Metal Complexes | 55 |
3. | Biological Activity and Suggested Mechanistic Schemes for the Antitumor Action of Streptonigrin | 70 |
4. | Conclusions | 76 |
References | 77 | |
Chapter 4 | Bleomycin Antibiotics: Metal Complexes and Their Biological Action | 81 |
1. | Introduction | 82 |
2. | Structural and Synthetic Aspects of Bleomycin | 82 |
3. | Characteristics of Bleomycin-Metal Complexes | 85 |
4. | Oxygen Activation and Redox Cycle of the Bleomycin-Iron Complex | 85 |
5. | Interaction of Bleomycin and Its Iron Complex with DNA | 90 |
6. | Sequence-Specific DNA Cleavage by the Bleomycin-Iron Complex | 92 |
7. | Metal Complexes and DNA Cleavage of Bleomycin Analogs: Peplomycin, Tallysomycin, and Phleomycin | 95 |
8. | Metal Complexes and Oxygen Activation by Synthetic Analogs and Biosynthetic Intermediates of Bleomycin | 97 |
9. | Molecular Mechanism of Bleomycin Action | 103 |
10. | Conclusions | 104 |
References | 105 | |
Chapter 5 | Interaction Between Valinomycin and Metal Ions | 109 |
1. | Introduction | 110 |
2. | Structure and Conformation of Free Valinomycin | 112 |
3. | Structure and Conformation of Valinomycin-Metal Ion Complexes | 115 |
4. | Valinomycin-Metal Ion Complexes in Transmembrane Ion Transport | 131 |
Abbreviations and Definitions | 132 | |
References | 133 | |
Chapter 6 | Beauvericin and the Other Enniatins | 139 |
1. | Introduction | 140 |
2. | Ion Binding | 143 |
3. | Membrane Transport | 158 |
4. | Analogs | 165 |
5. | Conclusions | 167 |
Abbreviations | 167 | |
References | 168 | |
Chapter 7 | Complexing Properties of Gramicidins | 173 |
1. | Introduction | 174 |
2. | Structural Properties | 175 |
3. | Ion-Complexing Properties | 186 |
4. | Transport Properties | 193 |
References | 200 | |
Chapter 8 | Nactins: Their Complexes and Biological Properties | 207 |
1. | Introduction | 207 |
2. | Molecular Structure of Nactins | 209 |
3. | Complexes | 212 |
4. | Biological Properties | 224 |
References | 225 | |
Chapter 9 | Cation Complexes of the Monovalent and Polyvalent Carboxylic Ionophores: Lasalocid (X-537A), Monensin, A23187 (Calcimycin), and Related Antibiotics | 229 |
1. | Introduction | 230 |
2. | Structure of Ionophore-Cation Inclusion Complexes | 233 |
3. | Techniques for Measuring Equilibrium Ionophore-Ion Affinities | 239 |
4. | Carboxylic Ionophore-Mediated Ion Transport | 248 |
5. | Biological Test Systems | 266 |
6. | Conformational Aspects of Ion Capture and Membrane Transport | 272 |
7. | Biological Applications of Ionophores | 284 |
8. | Overview | 288 |
References | 289 | |
Chapter 10 | Complexes of D-Cycloserine and Related Amino Acids with Antibiotic Properties | 295 |
1. | Introduction | 295 |
2. | Mode of Action | 297 |
3. | Uses of D-Cycloserine | 298 |
4. | Organic Chemistry of D-Cycloserine | 300 |
5. | Metal Ion Coordination by D-Cycloserine | 301 |
6. | Metal Ion Coordination by D-Cycloserine Derivatives | 307 |
7. | Conclusions | 308 |
Abbreviations | 309 | |
References | 310 | |
Chapter 11 | Iron-Containing Antibiotics | 313 |
1. | Introduction | 314 |
2. | Iron(III) Complexes | 320 |
3. | Iron(II) Complexes | 324 |
4. | Miscellaneous Compounds | 327 |
5. | General Conclusions | 329 |
References | 330 | |
Chapter 12 | Cation-Ionophore Interactions: Quantification of the Factors Underlying Selective Complexation by Means of Theoretical Computations | 335 |
1. | Introduction | 336 |
2. | Outline of the Methodology | 337 |
3. | Selective Binding of Alkali Cations by Valinomycin | 342 |
4. | Selective Complexation of K[superscript +], Na[superscript +], and NH[superscript + subscript 4] by Nonactin | 347 |
5. | Selective Binding of Mg[superscript 2+] and Ca[superscript 2+] by Ionophore A23187 | 354 |
6. | Structural Properties of Valinomycin and A23187 | 364 |
7. | Energy Profiles for Single and Double Occupancy by Na[superscript +] of the Gramicidin A Channel | 374 |
8. | Conclusions | 379 |
Abbreviations | 380 | |
References | 381 | |
Author Index | 387 | |
Subject Index | 411 |
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