Second Language Writers' Text Book

	Foreword
	Preface
I	Background: Research in Text and Written Discourse	1
1	Writing as Text	3
2	Research in Academic and ESL Written Discourse and Text	15
3	Written Discourse and Text in Different Rhetorical Traditions	30
4	The Goals and Politics of Teaching ESL Writing	45
5	The Study of Features of Second Language Text: Essays, the Data, and Methods of Analysis	58
II	Common Linguistic and Rhetorical Features of Academic ESL Text	73
6	Nouns, Pronouns, and Nominals and Their Functions and Uses in Text	77
7	The Verb Phrase and Deverbals and Their Functions and Uses in Text	96
8	Adjectives and Adverbs and Their Functions and Uses in Text	118
9	Subordinate Clauses and Their Functions and Uses	128
10	Text-Rhetorical Features and Their Functions and Uses	141
III	The Effect of Prompts on ESL Text	161
11	The First Three Prompts	165
12	The Second Three Prompts	191
13	The Differences That the Prompts Make	215
IV	Conclusion	243
14	Determining Priorities in Teaching and Curriculum	245
15	Epilogue	257
App. A	Rank-Order of Median Frequency Rates of Linguistic Features in NS and NNS Texts	267
App. B	Comparisons of Common Linguistic and Rhetorical Features in Academic Essays Across Prompts By L1 groups	269
	Glossary	341
	References	347
	Author Index	359
	Subject Index	365