Property Rights: From Magna Carta to the Fourteenth Amendment Book

1	Introduction	1
2	The Rights of Englishmen	5
I	The Magna Carta	6
II	Lord Coke and His Interpretation of the Magna Carta	12
III	Coke's Judicial Record	19
IV	Blackstone and the Common Law	29
V	John Locke's Influence on American Constitutionalism	46
VI	The Colonies Protect Rights	53
VII	The Commercial Success of English America	53
VIII	Rejecting Authoritarian Controls	55
IX	Freedom versus Public Virtue	58
3	Interpreting the Constitution and the Bill of Rights	61
I	The Articles of Confederation	61
II	The First American Constitution	64
III	Framing the U.S. Constitution	65
IV	James Madison: The Most Important and Influential Framer	74
V	Madison and the Separation of Powers	83
VI	Judicial Review	92
VII	Constitutional Protection of Property Rights	99
VIII	The Bill of Rights	102
IX	The Due Process Clause	105
X	The Takings Clause	108
XI	Correctly Interpreting the Constitution's Private Property Guarantees	117
XII	The Bill of Rights and Property Rights	118
4	Judicial Interpretations of Property Rights Prior to the Fourteenth Amendment	121
I	Introduction	121
II	State Decisions	123
III	Justice Blackmun's Dissent in the Lucas Case	180
IV	Federal Cases	192
V	Due Process and the Police Power	206
VI	Observations about Due Process and Class Legislation	212
5	The Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment	219
I	Introduction	219
II	The Civil Rights Act of 1866	226
III	Bingham's Early Version of Section I	231
IV	The Final Version of Section 1	235
6	The Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment	243
I	Introduction	243
II	The Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV	246
III	Congress Defines Privileges and Immunities	248
IV	Paul v. Virginia	258
V	The Slaughterhouse Cases	261
VI	Saenz v. Roe	267
VII	Section 1: Beyond Property Rights	275
7	Concluding Remarks	283
	Notes	289
	Index	317
	Index of Cases	325
	About the Author	329