Contemporary Ergonomics 1998 Book

	Introduction	2
	Ergonomics standards - the good, the bad and the ugly	3
	International standardisation of graphical symbols for consumer products	8
	The UK human factors defence standard: past, present and future	13
	The role of physical aspects	21
	The combined effects of physical and psychosocial work factors	25
	The role of psychosocial factors	30
	Interpreting the extent of musculoskeletal complaints	36
	People in pain	41
	Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace - a strategy for UK research	46
	A musculoskeletal risk screening tool for automotive line managers	51
	Risk assessment design for musculoskeletal disorders in heathcare professionals	56
	Ergonomic microscopes - solutions for the cyto-screener?	61
	Musculoskeletal discomfort from dancing in nightclubs	66
	Is the ergonomic approach advocated in the Manual Handling Regulations being adopted?	72
	Control of manual handling risks within a soft drinks distribution centre	77
	Training and patient-handling: an investigation of transfer	82
	Risk management in manual handling for community nurses	87
	Children's natural lifting patterns: an observational study	92
	Manual handling and lifting during the later stages of pregnancy	96
	Posture analysis and manual handling in nursery professionals	101
	Can orthotics play a beneficial role during loaded and unloaded walking?	108
	Investigation of spinal curvature while changing one's posture during sitting	113
	The effect of load size and form on trunk asymmetry while lifting	118
	The effect of vertical visual target location on head and neck posture	123
	Is a prescription of physical changes sufficient to eliminate health and safety problems in computerised offices?	130
	An evaluation of a trackball as an ergonomic intervention	135
	Old methods, new chairs. Evaluating six of the latest ergonomic chairs for the modern office	140
	Development of a questionnaire to measure attitudes towards virtual reality	146
	Orientation of blind users on the World Wide Web	151
	"Flash, splash and crash": Human factors and the Implementation of Innovative Web technologies	156
	Determining ergonomic factors in stress from work demands of nurses	162
	A risk assessment and control cycle approach to managing workplace stress	167
	Teleworking: Assessing the risks	174
	Evaluating teleworking - case study	179
	Team organisational mental models: an integrative framework for research	186
	The impact of IT&T on virtual team working in the European automotive industry	191
	The effect of communication processes upon workers and job efficiency	198
	A case study of job design in a steel plant	203
	The effects of age and habitual physical activity on the adjustment to nocturnal shiftwork	208
	Job design for university technicians: work activity and allocation of function	213
	Allocation of functions and manufacturing job design based on knowledge requirements	220
	The need to specify cognition within system requirements	225
	Analysis of complex communication tasks	230
	Health and safety as the basis for specifying information systems design requirements	236
	Cognitive algorithms	241
	Rapid prototyping in foam of 3D anthropometric computer models in functional postures	248
	The use of high and low level prototyping methods for product user interfaces	253
	Creative colleboration in engineering design teams	258
	Pleasure and product semantics	264
	A survey of usability practice and needs in Europe	269
	Cultural influence in usability assessment	274
	Interface display designs based on operator knowledge requirements	280
	Understanding what makes icons effective: how subjective ratings can inform design	285
	Representing uncertainty in decision support systems: the state of the art	290
	Representing reliability of at-risk information in tactical displays for fighter pilots	295
	Semantic content analysis of task conformance	300
	Warnings: a task-oriented design approach	306
	Effects of auditorily-presented warning signal words on intended carefulness	311
	Listeners' understanding of warning signal words	316
	Perceived hazard and understandability of signal words and warning pictorials by Chinese community in Britain	321
	Thinking about thinking aloud	328
	Adjusting the cognitive walkthrough using the think-aloud method	333
	Verbat protocol data for heart and lung bypass scenario simulation "scripts"	338
	Use of verbal protocol analysis in the investigation of an order picking task	343
	Selecting areas for intervention	350
	Participatory ergonomice in the construction industry	355
	User trial of a manual handling problem and its "solution"	360
	Case study: a human factors safety assessment of a heavy lift operation	366
	The application of ergonomics to volume high quality sheet printing and finishing	371
	The application of human factors tools and techniques to the specification of an oil refinery process controller role	376
	Feasibility study of containerisation for Travelling Post Office operations	381
	The complexities of stress in the operational military environment	388
	The development of physical selection procedures. Phase 1: Job analysis	393
	The human factor in applied warfare	398
	Getting the picture - investigating the mental picture of the air traffic controller	404
	Developing a predictive model of controller workload in air traffic management	409
	Assessing the capacity of Europe's airspace: The issues, experience and a method using a controller workload model	414
	Evaluation of virtual prototypes for air traffic control - the MACAW technique	419
	Development of an integrated decision making model for avionics application	424
	Psychophysiological measures of fatigue and somnolence in simulated air traffic control	429
	What's skill got to do with it? Vehicle automation and driver mental workload	436
	The use of automatic speech recognition in cars: a human factors review	441
	Integration of the HMI for driver systems: classifying functionality and dialogue	446
	Subjective symptoms of fatigue among commercial drivers	451
	How did I get here? Driving without attention mode	456
	Seniors' driving style and overtaking: Is there a "comfortable traffic hole"?	461
	Speed limitation and driver behaviour	466
	The ergonomics implications of conventional saloon car cabins on police drivers	471
	The design of seat belts for tractors	476
	Auditory distraction in the workplace: a review of the implications from laboratory studies	482
	Transmission of shear vibration through gloves	487
	The effect of wrist posture on attenuation of vibration in the hand-arm system	492
	Criteria for selection of hand tools in the aircraft manufacturing industry: a review	498
	Exposure assessment of ice cream scooping tasks	503
	The effect of clothing fit on the clothing Ventilation Index	510
	A thermoregulatory model for predicting transient thermal sensation	515
	The user-oriented design, development and evaluation of the clothing envelope of thermal performance	520
	A comparison of the thermal comfort of different wheelchair seating materials and an office chair	525
	The effect of repeated exposure to extreme heat by fire training officers	530
	The effects of self-contained breathing apparatus on gas exchange and heart rate during fire-fighter simulations	535
	The effect of external air speed on the clothing ventilation index	540
	Commercial planning and ergonomics	546
	Human factors and design: Bridging the communication gap	551
	Guidelines for addressing ergonomics in development aid	556
	Determining and evaluating ergonomic training needs for design engineers	560
	Ergonomic ideals vs genuine constraints	566
	Another look at Hick-Hyman's reaction time law	572
	Design relevance of usage centred studies at adds with their scientific status?	577
	The integration of human factors considerations into safety and risk assessment systems	582
	The use of defibrillator devices by the lay public	587
	Occupational disorders in Ghanaian subsistence farmers	592
	Author Index	599
	Subject Index	603