Distillation Design and Control Using Aspen Simulation Book

	Preface	xi
1	Fundamentals of Vapor-Liquid Phase Equilibrium (VLE)	1
1.1	Vapor Pressure	1
1.2	Binary VLE Phase Diagrams	3
1.3	Physical Property Methods	7
1.4	Relative Volatility	7
1.5	Bubblepoint Calculations	9
1.6	Ternary Diagrams	10
1.7	VLE Nonideality	12
1.8	Residue Curves for Ternary Systems	18
1.9	Conclusion	26
2	Analysis of Distillation Columns	27
2.1	Design Degrees of Freedom	27
2.2	Binary McCabe-Thiele Method	28
2.3	Approximate Multicomponent Methods	38
2.4	Analysis of Ternary Systems Using DISTIL	41
2.5	Conclusion	44
3	Setting up a Steady-State Simulation	45
3.1	Configuring a New Simulation	45
3.2	Specifying Chemical Components and Physical Properties	53
3.3	Specifying Stream Properties	58
3.4	Specifying Equipment Parameters	60
3.5	Running the Simulation	64
3.6	Using "Design Spec/Vary" Function	66
3.7	Finding the Optimum Feed Tray and Minimum Conditions	80
3.8	Column Sizing	81
3.9	Conclusion	84
4	Distillation Economic Optimization	85
4.1	Heuristic Optimization	85
4.2	Economic Basis	87
4.3	Results	89
4.4	Operating Optimization	91
4.5	Conclusion	97
5	More Complex Distillation Systems	98
5.1	Methyl Acetate/Methanol/Water System	98
5.2	Ethanol Dehydration	112
5.3	Heat-Integrated Columns	122
5.4	Conclusion	129
6	Steady-State Calculations for Control Structure Selection	130
6.1	Summary of Methods	131
6.2	Binary Propane/Isobutane System	133
6.3	Ternary BTX System	137
6.4	Multicomponent Hydrocarbon System	141
6.5	Ternary Azeotropic System	145
6.6	Conclusion	150
7	Converting From Steady State to Dynamic Simulation	151
7.1	Equipment Sizing	151
7.2	Exporting to Aspen Dynamics	153
7.3	Opening the Dynamic Simulation in Aspen Dynamics	156
7.4	Installing Basic Controllers	158
7.5	Installing Temperature and Composition Controllers	166
7.6	Performance Evaluation	179
7.7	Comparison with Economic Optimum Design	184
7.8	Conclusion	187
8	Control of More Complex Columns	188
8.1	Methyl Acetate Column	188
8.2	Columns with Partial Condensers	190
8.3	Control of Heat-Integrated Distillation Columns	209
8.4	Control of Azeotropic Columns/Decanter System	222
8.5	Conclusion	231
9	Reactive Distillation	232
9.1	Introduction	232
9.2	Types of Reactive Distillation Systems	234
9.3	TAME Process Basics	238
9.4	TAME Reaction Kinetics and VLE	241
9.5	Plantwide Control Structure	246
9.6	Conclusion	250
10	Control of Sidestream Columns	251
10.1	Liquid Sidestream Column	252
10.2	Vapor Sidestream Column	257
10.3	Liquid Sidestream Column with Stripper	264
10.4	Vapor Sidestream Column with Rectifier	271
10.5	Sidestream Purge Column	281
10.6	Conclusion	290
11	Control of Petroleum Fractionators	291
11.1	Petroleum Fractions	292
11.2	Characterization of Crude Oil	296
11.3	Steady-State Design of PREFLASH Column	304
11.4	Control of PREFLASH Column	311
11.5	Steady-State Design of Pipestill	316
11.6	Control of Pipestill	333
11.7	Conclusion	342
	Index	343