Ecological Assessment of Hazardous Waste Sites Book

	List of Contributing Authors
	Preface
Ch. 1	Introduction
	Purpose and Objectives	2
	Contents	3
	Chapter Organization	4
	References	5
Ch. 2	Ecological Assessment Needs and Objectives
	Assessment Needs	6
	Assessment Objectives	11
	A Summary of Ecological Assessment Needs and Objectives	16
Ch. 3	Regulatory Perspective
	The Regulation of Compounds and Waste Management	18
	The Authority for Hazardous Waste Cleanup and Ecological Assessment	20
	CERCLA Process	22
	Ecological Regulation Compliance as Part of Site Cleanup	29
	Clean Water Act and Related ARARs	33
	Ecological Resource ARARs	42
	Natural Resource Restoration	46
Ch. 4	Technical Approach to Ecological Assessments
	Elements of an Ecological Assessment	61
	Phasing of Ecological Assessments	101
	Ecological Risk Assessment	105
	Technical Approach Summary	109
Ch. 5	Human Health Risk Assessments
	Regulatory Authority and Guidance	114
	Summary of the Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment	115
	Human Health Risk Assessment in the Feasibility Study	129
	Analytical Data Needs for a Human Health Risk Assessment	132
	Dose-Response Data	133
Ch. 6	Biological Transfer of Contaminants in Terrestrial Ecosystems
	Transfer Dynamics	148
	Transfer Pathway Analysis	154
	Example Calculations of Effects Levels	171
Ch. 7	Evaluation of Contaminants in Sediments
	Site-Specific Sediment Evaluation Methods	179
	Evaluation Methods for Sediment Quality Criteria	192
	Summary of Sediment Evaluation Techniques	201
Ch. 8	Ecotoxicology and Ecological Assessment at Hazardous Waste Sites
	Basic and Applied Ecotoxicology	207
	Ecological Assessment, Hazard Assessment and Risk Assessment	209
	Endpoints and Implications	211
	Ecological Risk Assessment Approaches at Hazardous Waste Sites	214
	Ecological Risk Assessment Study Design and Methods Selection	216
Ch. 9	Pine Street Canal Ecological Assessment: A Case Study
	Nature and Extent	226
	Ecological Conditions	233
	Ecological Risk Assessment	255
Ch. 10	Middle Marsh Ecological Assessment: A Case Study
	Overview of the Ecological Assessment	297
	Ecological Assessment Approach	298
	Ecological Endpoints	299
	Description of Existing Conditions	300
	Ecological Exposure Assessment	314
	Summary of the Ecological Exposure Assessment	332
	Ecological Elements of the Feasibility Study	334
	Acknowledgments	340
	References	340
	Appendix	343
	Index	347