Trees in Urban Design Book

	Preface
	Foreword to Second Edition
1	Today and yesterday	1
	A view of the problem	1
	A glance at the past	13
	Altering and expanding perceptions	19
2	A selective view	29
	Choosing examples	29
	Thirty-three exemplary urban views	30
	Design implications	39
3	Principles	41
	Cities and nature	41
	Cultural constraints	42
	Language	43
	The need for order	44
	Physical design principles	45
	Abstract design principles	46
4	Closely observed geometry	49
	Characteristics of tree growth	49
	Relationships to buildings and streets	51
	Arrangement of trees	58
	Spatial composition	60
	Growth rate and planting size	65
	Organizing trees in large parks	67
	Conveying the design	76
5	Choice of type	81
	Selecting trees for design	81
	Aesthetic criteria	83
	Cultural criteria	92
	Operations and tree type	98
	Examples of trees and sites	100
6	Technical requirements	121
	Solving technical problems	121
	State of technology	122
	Below ground	122
	Ground surface	129
	Above ground	136
	Installation techniques	137
	After planting	143
7	A longer view	147
	The state of urban trees	147
	Economics of urban trees	148
	Government role	155
	A nobler vision	165
	Appendix A: Common and botanical names	171
	Appendix B: Descriptive information about photographs	173
	Bibliography	183
	Index	189