Eat Not This Flesh: Food Avoidances from Prehistory to the Present Book

	Illustrations
	Preface
1	Introduction	3
	Nutritional Importance of Foods of Animal Origin	3
	General Shortage of Foods of Animal Origin through History, and the Craving for Flesh	4
	Vegetarian Rejection of Flesh Foods	6
	Rejection of Specific Foods of Animal Origin	11
2	Pork	13
	Pork Avoidance in the Near East and the Mediterranean Area	13
	Europe beyond Greece and Rome	36
	Africa South of the Sahara	40
	Iran and Inner Asia	43
	East Asian Center of Pig Keeping	46
	The Indian Subcontinent	49
	Southeast Asia	56
	The Pacific Area	59
	Origin and Spread of Pork Avoidance	64
	Curious Efforts to Gain Acceptability for Pork among Hindus, Moslems, and Jews	101
3	Beef	103
	The Indian Center of Beef Avoidance	103
	Southeast Asia	119
	Tibet, Mongolia, and East Asia	121
	The Near East and the Mediterranean Area	123
	Africa South of the Sahara	129
	Origin and Diffusion of the Avoidance of Beef	135
4	Chicken and Eggs	144
	Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, India, Tibet, and Mongolia	144
	China and East Asia	152
	West of India	153
	Origin of the Avoidances of Chicken and Eggs	163
5	Horseflesh	168
	Iran, Inner Asia, and Their Borderlands	169
	South, East, and Southeast Asia	172
	The Near East and Africa	177
	Europe	180
	Origin of the Avoidance of Horseflesh	193
6	Camelflesh	194
	The Near East and Neighboring Areas	194
	Origin of the Avoidance of Camelflesh	199
7	Dogflesh	200
	Domestication of the Dog, and Its Flesh as a Possible Motive	200
	The Reaction of Westerners to the Killing and Eating of Dogs	201
	Dog Eating in Various Regions of the Old World	203
	Origins of Anti-Dogflesh Feelings	250
8	Fish	233
	Background	253
	Fish Avoidance in Africa	255
	Southwest Asia and the Greeks and Romans	265
	Iran, Turkestan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan	279
	India	281
	Buddhism and the Spread of Opposition to Fishing and Fish Eating	287
	Conclusion	295
9	Conclusion	297
	Do Avoidances of Flesh Foods Derive Primarily from Economic, Nutritional, and Health Considerations?	297
	Strength of Feeling Associated with Flesh-Food Avoidances	298
	Group Sanctions against Violation of Bans on Flesh Food	300
	Ways in Which Bans on Flesh Food Are Observed	301
	Inequalities in the Distribution of Flesh	303
	Origin of Group Bans on Flesh Foods	305
	Factors Involved in Changing Foodways, Including Those Relating to Flesh Food	321
	Notes	329
	References	437
	Index	517