Islam and Healing Book

Preface and Acknowledgements xi Introduction 1
1 Indo-Muslim Medicine: Unani in Pre-modern India 18 Unani and the Dar al-Islam: Eighth-Fifteenth Centuries 18 Unani in India 28 New Medical Learning in Arabic: Unani in Eighteenth-century India 43
2 Encounter with the West: The English East India Company 54 Introduction 54 The Calcutta Madrasa 56 The Native Medical Institution and the Medical Community of Urdu Literature 69
3 The Practice of Medicine: Public Welfare 100 Introduction 100 Health and Public Welfare 101 The Arrival of Print: Medical Patronage, Textuality, and 'Authoriality' 129
4 Dispensaries and Shifakhaanas in Early-Nineteenth-Century India 154 Introduction 154 Administration of Dispensaries 155 The Dispensary as a Site for Clinical Trial of Materia Medica 171 Contesting Western Medicine in the Dispensary: The Native Doctor and Unani Learning 185 Contesting Colonial Medicine Outside the Dispensary: Unani in the Family and Private Libraries 196
5 Urdu Medical Texts in the Late Nineteenth Century 205 Introduction 205 Persian Medical Literature Translated into Urdu: The Zakhirah-i-Khwarzmshahi (Thesaurus of the Shah of Khwarzm) 207 Reaching Out to the Prophet: Homegrown Urdu Texts-The Mazhar-ul-Ulum and the Tibb-i-Nabawi 216 The Unani Defence: Competing with British Medical Literature 236
6 Argumentative Hakims: Debates in the Oudh Akhbar 242 Introduction 242 The Critique of the Dispensary 245 The Urdu Press and the Making of Unani 'Modernity' 263 From Culture and History to a 'Nation' (Mulk) for Unani 276 Newspaper Advertisements: The National-Colonial Dialectic 278
7 From Jhawain-tola to Takmil-ut-Tibb,Lucknow 291 Introduction 291 The Azizi Family of Lucknow Hakims: A Profile 293 Hakim Abd al Aziz and the Challenge of Colonial Medicine: The Takmil-ut-Tibb College at Lucknow 295 Creating a National Profile for Unani 306 The Hakim as a Professional: Balancing the National Local with the Subcontinental Professional 311 National vs Communitarian: Unani Gets a Muslim Hue 321 Conclusion 334 Glossary 340 Bibliography 353 Index 369