America: Past and Present, Combined Volume Book

Found in this section:

1. Brief Table of Contents

2. Full Table of Contents

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1. BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 New World Encounters

Chapter 2 New World Experiments: England’s Seventeenth-Century Colonies

Chapter 3 Putting Down Roots: Opportunity and Oppression in Colonial Society

Chapter 4 Experience of Empire: Eighteenth-Century America

Chapter 5 The American Revolution: From Elite Protest to Popular Revolt, 1763–1783

Chapter 6 The Republican Experiment

Chapter 7 Democracy and Dissent: The Violence of Party Politics, 1788–1800

Chapter 8 Republican Ascendancy: The Jeffersonian Vision

Chapter 9 Nation Building and Nationalism

Chapter 10 The Triumph of White Men’s Democracy

Chapter 11 Slaves and Masters

Chapter 12 The Pursuit of Perfection

Chapter 13 An Age of Expansionism

Chapter 14 The Sectional Crisis

Chapter 15 Secession and the Civil War

Chapter 16 The Agony of Reconstruction

Chapter 17 The West: Exploiting an Empire

Chapter 18 The Industrial Society

Chapter 19 Toward an Urban Society, 1877–1900

Chapter 20 Political Realignments in the 1890s

Chapter 21 Toward Empire

Chapter 22 The Progressive Era

Chapter 23 From Roosevelt to Wilson in the Age of Progressivism

Chapter 24 The Nation at War

Chapter 25 Transition to Modern America

Chapter 26 Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal

Chapter 27 America and the World, 1921–1945

Chapter 28 The Onset of the Cold War

Chapter 29 Affluence and Anxiety

Chapter 30 The Turbulent Sixties

Chapter 31 The Rise of a New Conservatism, 1969–1988

Chapter 32 To the Twenty-first Century, 1989–2011

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2. FULL TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: New World Encounters

Clash of Cultures: Interpreting Murder in Early Maryland

Native American Histories before Conquest

The Environmental Challenge: Food, Climate, and Culture

Mysterious Disappearances

Aztec Dominance

Eastern Woodland Cultures

A World Transformed

Cultural Negotiations

Threats to Survival: Trade and Disease

West Africa: Ancient and Complex Societies

Europe on the Eve of Conquest

Building New Nation States

Imagining a New World

Myths and Reality

The Conquistadores: Faith and Greed

From Plunder to Settlement

The French Claim Canada

The English Enter the Competition

Birth of English Protestantism

Militant Protestantism

Woman in Power

Religion, War, and Nationalism

An Unpromising Beginning: Mystery at Roanoke

Conclusion: Campaign to Sell America

The Columbian Exchange and the Global Environment: Ecological Revolution

Chapter 2: New World Experiments: England’s Seventeenth-Century Colonies

Profit and Piety: Competing Visions for English Settlement

Breaking Away

The Chesapeake: Dreams of Wealth

Entrepreneurs in Virginia

Spinning Out of Control

“Stinking Weed”

Time of Reckoning

Corruption and Reform

Maryland: A Troubled Refuge for Catholics

Reforming England in America

“The Great Migration”

“A City on a Hill”

Limits of Religious Dissent

Mobility and Division

Diversity in the Middle Colonies

Anglo-Dutch Rivalry on the Hudson

Confusion in New Jersey

Quakers in America

Quaker Beliefs and Practice

Penn’s “Holy Experiment”

Settling Pennsylvania

Planting the Carolinas

Proprietors of the Carolinas

The Barbadian Connection

The Founding of Georgia

Conclusion: Living with Diversity

The Children Who Refused to Come Home: Captivity and Conversion

Chapter 3: Putting Down Roots: Opportunity and Oppression in Colonial Society

Families in an Atlantic Empire

Sources of Stability: New England Colonies of the

Seventeenth Century

Immigrant Families and New Social Order

Commonwealth of Families

Women’s Lives in Puritan New England

Social Hierarchy in New England

The Challenge of the Chesapeake Environment

Family Life at Risk

The Structure of Planter Society

Race and Freedom in British America

Roots of Slavery

Constructing African American Identities

Rise of a Commercial Empire

Response to Economic Competition

Regulating Colonial Trade

Colonial Factions Spark Political Revolt, 1676—1691

Civil War in Virginia: Bacon’s Rebellion

The Glorious Revolution in the Bay Colony

Contagion of Witchcraft

The Glorious Revolution in New York and Maryland

Conclusion: Local Aspirations Within an Atlantic Empire

Anthony Johnson: A Free Black Planter on Pungoteague

Creek

Witches and the Law: A Problem of Evidence in 1692

Chapter 4: Experience of Empire: Eighteenth-Century America

Constructing an Anglo-American Identity: The Journal of William Byrd

Growth and Diversity

Scots-Irish Flee English Oppression

Germans Search for a Better Life

Convict Settlers

Native Americans Stake Out a Middle Ground

Spanish Borderlands of the Eighteenth Century

Conquering the Northern Frontier

Peoples of the Spanish Borderlands

The Impact of European Ideas on American Culture

Provincial Cities

Ben Franklin and American Enlightenment

Economic Transformation

Birth of a Consumer Society

Religious Revivals in Provincial Societies

The Great Awakening

The Voice of Evangelical Religion

Clash of Political Cultures

The English Constitution

The Reality of British Politics

Governing the Colonies: The American Experience

Colonial Assemblies

Century of Imperial War

King William’s and Queen Anne’s Wars

King George’s War and Its Aftermath

Albany Congress and Braddock’s Defeat

Seven Years’War

Perceptions of War

Conclusion: Rule Britannia?

Conquest by Other Means: The Pennsylvania Walking

Purchase

Chapter 5: The American Revolution: From Elite Protest to Popular Revolt, 1763—1783

Moment of Decision: Commitment and Sacrifice

Structure of Colonial Society

Breakdown of Political Trust

No Taxation Without Representation: The American

Perspective

Ideas About Power and Virtue

Eroding the Bonds of Empire

Paying Off the National Debt

Popular Protest

Failed Attempts to Save the Empire

Fueling the Crisis

Fatal Show of Force

Last Days of Imperial Rule, 1770—1773

The Final Provocation: The Boston Tea Party

Steps Toward Independence

Shots Heard Around the World

Beginning “The World Over Again”

Fighting for Independence

Building a Professional Army

Testing the American Will

“Times That Try Men’s Souls”

Victory in a Year of Defeat

The French Alliance

The Final Campaign

The Loyalist Dilemma

Winning the Peace

Conclusion: Preserving Independence

Popular Resistance: Religion and Rebellion

Chapter 6: The Republican Experiment

A New Political Morality

Defining Republican Culture

Living in the Shadow of Revolution

Social and Political Reform

African Americans in the New Republic

The Challenge of Women’s Rights

The States: Experiments in Republicanism

Blueprints for State Government

Natural Rights and the State Constitutions

Power to the People

Stumbling Toward a New National Government

Articles of Confederation

Western Land: Key to the First Constitution

Northwest Ordinance: The Confederation’s Major

Achievement

Strengthening Federal Authority

The Nationalist Critique

Diplomatic Humiliation

“Have We Fought for This?”

The Genius of James Madison

Constitutional Reform

The Philadelphia Convention

Inventing a Federal Republic

Compromise Saves the Convention

Compromising on Slavery

The Last Details

We, the People

Whose Constitution? Struggle for Ratification

Federalists and Antifederalists

Adding the Bill of Rights

Conclusion: Success Depends on the People

The Elusive Constitution: Search for Original Intent

Chapter 7: Democracy and Dissent: The Violence of Party Politics, 1788—1800

Force of Public Opinion

Principle and Pragmatism: Establishing a New Government

Conflicting Visions: Jefferson and Hamilton

Hamilton’s Plan for Prosperity and Security

Funding and Assumption

Interpreting the Constitution: The Bank Controversy

Setback for Hamilton

Charges of Treason: The Battle over Foreign Affairs

The Peril of Neutrality

Jay’s Treaty Sparks Domestic Unrest

Pushing the Native Americans Aside

Popular Political Culture

Informing the Public: News and Politics

Whiskey Rebellion: Charges of Republican Conspiracy

Washington’s Farewell

The Adams Presidency

The XYZ Affair and Domestic Politics

Crushing Political Dissent

Silencing Political Opposition: The Alien and Sedition Acts

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Adams’s Finest Hour

The Peaceful Revolution: The Election of 1800

Conclusion: Danger of Political Extremism

Defense of Superiority: The Impact of Nationalism on

Perceptions of the Environment

Chapter 8: Republican Ascendancy: The Jeffersonian Vision

Limits of Equality

Regional Identities in a New Republic

Westward the Course of Empire

Native American Resistance

Commercial Life in the Cities

Jefferson as President

Jeffersonian Reforms

The Louisiana Purchase

The Lewis and Clark Expedition

Conflict with the Barbary States

Jefferson’s Critics

Attack on the Judges

Politics of Desperation

Murder and Conspiracy: The Curious Career of Aaron Burr

The Slave Trade

Embarrassments Overseas

Embargo Divides the Nation

A New Administration Goes to War

Fumbling Toward Conflict

The Strange War of 1812

Hartford Convention: The Demise of the Federalists

Treaty of Ghent Ends the War

Conclusion: Republican Legacy

Barbary Pirates and American Captives: The Nation’s First

Hostage Crisis

Aaron Burr: The Vice President Tried for Treason

Chapter 9: Nation Building and Nationalism

A Revolutionary War Hero Revisits America in 1824

Expansion and Migration

Extending the Boundaries

Native American Societies Under Pressure

Settlement to the Mississippi

The People and Culture of the Frontier

A Revolution in Transportation

Roads and Steamboats

The Canal Boom

Emergence of a Market Economy

The Beginning of Commercial Agriculture

Commerce and Banking

Early Industrialism

The Growth of Cities

The Politics of Nation Building After the War of 1812

The Republicans in Power

Monroe as President

The Missouri Compromise

Postwar Nationalism and the Supreme Court

Nationalism in Foreign Policy: The Monroe Doctrine

Conclusion: The End of the Era of Good Feeling

Confronting a New Environment

Chapter 10: The Triumph of White Men’s Democracy

Democratic Space: The New Hotels

Democracy in Theory and Practice

Democracy and Society

Democratic Culture

Democratic Political Institutions

Economic Issues

Labor Radicalism and Equal Rights

Jackson and the Politics of Democracy

The Election of 1824 and J. Q. Adams’s Administration

Jackson Comes to Power

Indian Removal

The Nullification Crisis

The Bank War and the Second Party System

Mr. Biddle’s Bank

The Bank Veto and the Election of 1832

Killing the Bank

The Emergence of the Whigs

The Rise and Fall of Van Buren

Heyday of the Second Party System

Conclusion: Tocqueville’s Wisdom

Racial Identity in a White Man’s Democracy

Chapter 11: Slaves and Masters

Nat Turner’s Rebellion: A Turning Point in the Slave South

The Divided Society of the Old South

The World of Southern Blacks

Slaves’ Daily Life and Labor

Slave Families, Kinship, and Community

African American Religion

Resistance and Rebellion

Free Blacks in the Old South

White Society in the Antebellum South

The Planters’ World

Planters, Racism, and Paternalism

Small Slaveholders

Yeoman Farmers

A Closed Mind and a Closed Society

Slavery and the Southern Economy

The Internal Slave Trade

The Rise of the Cotton Kingdom

Slavery and Industrialization

The “Profitability” Issue

Conclusion: Worlds in Conflict

Harriet Jacobs and Maria Norcom: Women of Southern

Households

Chapter 12: The Pursuit of Perfection

Redeeming the Middle Class

The Rise of Evangelicalism

The Second Great Awakening: The Frontier Phase

The Second Great Awakening in the North

From Revivalism to Reform

Domesticity and Changes in the American Family

Marriage for Love

The Cult of Domesticity

The Discovery of Childhood

Institutional Reform

The Extension of Education

Discovering the Asylum

Reform Turns Radical

Divisions in the Benevolent Empire

The Abolitionist Enterprise

Black Abolitionists

From Abolitionism to Women’s Rights

Radical Ideas and Experiments

Conclusion: Counterpoint on Reform

The War Against “Demon Drink”

The Legal Rights of Married Women: Reforming the Law of

Coverture

Chapter 13: An Age of Expansionism

The Spirit of Young America

Movement to the Far West

Borderlands of the 1830s

The Texas Revolution

The Republic of Texas

Trails of Trade and Settlement

The Mormon Trek

Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War

Tyler and Texas

The Triumph of Polk and Annexation

The Doctrine of Manifest Destiny

Polk and the Oregon Question

War with Mexico Settlement of the Mexican-American War

Internal Expansionism

The Triumph of the Railroad

The Industrial Revolution Takes Off

Mass Immigration Begins

The New Working Class

Conclusion: The Costs of Expansion

Hispanic America After 1848: A Case Study in

Majority Rule

Chapter 14: The Sectional Crisis

Brooks Assaults Sumner in Congress

The Compromise of 1850

The Problem of Slavery in the Mexican Cession

The Wilmot Proviso Launches the Free-Soil Movement Squatter Sovereignty and the Election of 1848

Taylor Takes Charge

Forging a Compromise

Political Upheaval, 1852—1856

The Party System in Crisis

The Kansas-Nebraska Act Raises a Storm

An Appeal to Nativism: The Know-Nothing Episode

Kansas and the Rise of the Republicans

Sectional Division in the Election of 1856

The House Divided, 1857—1860

Cultural Sectionalism

The Dred Scott Case The Lecompton Controversy

Debating the Morality of Slavery

The South’s Crisis of Fear

The Election of 1860

Conclusion: Explaining the Crisis

The Enigma of John Brown

The Case of Dred and Harriet Scott: Blurring the Borders of

Politics and Justice

Chapter 15: Secession and the Civil War

The Emergence of Lincoln

The Storm Gathers

The Deep South Secedes

The Failure of Compromise And the War Came

Adjusting to Total War

Prospects, Plans, and Expectations

Mobilizing the Home Fronts

Political Leadership: Northern Success and Southern Failure

Early Campaigns and Battles

The Diplomatic Struggle

Fight to the Finish

The Coming of Emancipation

African Americans and the War

The Tide Turns

Last Stages of the Conflict

Effects of the War

Conclusion: An Organizational Revolution

Soldiering in the Civil War

Chapter 16: The Agony of Reconstruction

Robert Smalls and Black Politicians During Reconstruction

The President vs. Congress

Wartime Reconstruction

Andrew Johnson at the Helm

Congress Takes the Initiative

Congressional Reconstruction Plan Enacted

The Impeachment Crisis

Reconstructing Southern Society

Reorganizing Land and Labor

Black Codes: A New Name for Slavery?

Republican Rule in the South

Claiming Public and Private Rights

Retreat from Reconstruction

Rise of the Money Question

Final Efforts of Reconstruction

A Reign of Terror Against Blacks

Spoilsmen vs. Reformers

Reunion and the New South

The Compromise of 1877

“Redeeming” a New South

The Rise of Jim Crow

Conclusion: Henry McNeal Turner and the “Unfinished

Revolution”

Changing Views of Reconstruction

Chapter 17: The West: Exploiting an Empire

Lean Bear’s Changing West

Beyond the Frontier

Crushing the Native Americans

Life of the Plains Indians

“As Long as Waters Run”: Searching for an Indian Policy

Final Battles on the Plains

The End of Tribal Life

Settlement of the West

Men and Women on the Overland Trail

Land for the Taking

Territorial Government

The Spanish-Speaking Southwest

The Bonanza West

The Mining Bonanza

Gold from the Roots Up: The Cattle Bonanza

Sodbusters on the Plains: The Farming Bonanza

New Farming Methods

Discontent on the Farm

The Final Fling

Conclusion: The Meaning of the West

Blacks in Blue: The Buffalo Soldiers in the West

Chapter 18: The Industrial Society

A Machine Culture

Industrial Development

An Empire on Rails

“Emblem of Motion and Power”

Building the Empire

Linking the Nation via Trunk Lines

Rails Across the Continent

Problems of Growth

An Industrial Empire

Carnegie and Steel

Rockefeller and Oil

The Business of Invention

The Sellers

The Wage Earners

Working Men,Working Women,Working Children

Culture of Work

Labor Unions

Labor Unrest

Conclusion: Industrialization’s Benefits and Costs

Chicago’s “Second Nature”

Chapter 19: Toward an Urban Society, 1877—1900

The Overcrowded City

The Lure of the City

Skyscrapers and Suburbs

Tenements and the Problems of Overcrowding

Strangers in a New Land

Immigrants and the City

The House That Tweed Built

Social and Cultural Change, 1877—1900

Manners and Mores

Leisure and Entertainment

Changes in Family Life

Changing Views: A Growing Assertiveness Among Women

Educating the Masses

Higher Education

The Stirrings of Reform

Progress and Poverty

New Currents in Social Thought

The Settlement Houses

A Crisis in Social Welfare

Conclusion: The Pluralistic Society

Ellis Island: Isle of Hope, Isle of Tears

Plessy v. Ferguson: The Shaping of Jim Crow

Chapter 20: Political Realignments in the 1890s

Hardship and Heartache

Politics of Stalemate

The Party Deadlock

Experiments in the States

Reestablishing Presidential Power

Republicans in Power: The Billion-Dollar Congress

Tariffs, Trusts, and Silver

The 1890 Elections

The Rise of the Populist Movement

The Farm Problem

The Fast-Growing Farmers’ Alliance

The People’s Party

The Crisis of the Depression

The Panic of 1893

Coxey’s Army and the Pullman Strike

The Miners of the Midwest

A Beleaguered President

Breaking the Party Deadlock

Changing Attitudes

“Everybody Works But Father”

Changing Themes in Literature

The Presidential Election of 1896

The Mystique of Silver

The Republicans and Gold

The Democrats and Silver

Campaign and Election

The McKinley Administration

Conclusion: A Decade’s Dramatic Changes

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

Chapter 21: Toward Empire

Roosevelt and the Rough Riders

America Looks Outward

Catching the Spirit of Empire

Reasons for Expansion

Foreign Policy Approaches, 1867—1900

The Lure of Hawaii and Samoa

The New Navy

War with Spain

A War for Principle

“A Splendid Little War”

“Smoked Yankees”

The Course of the War

Acquisition of Empire

The Treaty of Paris Debate

Guerrilla Warfare in the Philippines

Governing the Empire

The Open Door

Conclusion: Outcome of the War with Spain

The 400 Million Customers of China

Chapter 22: The Progressive Era

Muckrakers Call for Reform

The Changing Face of Industrialism

The Innovative Model T

The Burgeoning Trusts

Managing the Machines

Society’s Masses

Better Times on the Farm

Women and Children at Work

The Niagara Movement and the NAACP

“I Hear the Whistle”: Immigrants in the Labor Force

Conflict in the Workplace

Organizing Labor

Working with Workers

Amoskeag

A New Urban Culture

Production and Consumption

Living and Dying in an Urban Nation

Popular Pastimes

Experimentation in the Arts

Conclusion: A Ferment of Discovery and Reform

The Triangle Fire

Chapter 23: From Roosevelt to Wilson in the Age of Progressivism

The Republicans Split

The Spirit of Progressivism

The Rise of the Professions

The Social-Justice Movement

The Purity Crusade

Woman Suffrage, Women’s Rights

A Ferment of Ideas: Challenging the Status Quo

Reform in the Cities and States

Interest Groups and the Decline of Popular Politics

Reform in the Cities

Action in the States

The Republican Roosevelt

Busting the Trusts

“Square Deal” in the Coalfields

Roosevelt Progressivism at Its Height

Regulating the Railroads

Cleaning up Food and Drugs

Conserving the Land

The Ordeal of William Howard Taft

Party Insurgency

The Ballinger-Pinchot Affair

Taft Alienates the Progressives

Differing Philosophies in the Election of 1912

Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom

The New Freedom in Action

Wilson Moves Toward the New Nationalism

Conclusion: The Fruits of Progressivism

Madam C. J. Walker: African American Business

Pioneer

Muller v. Oregon: Expanding the Definition of Acceptable

Evidence

Chapter 24: The Nation at War

The Sinking of the Lusitania

A New World Power

“I Took the Canal Zone”

The Roosevelt Corollary

Ventures in the Far East

Taft and Dollar Diplomacy

Foreign Policy Under Wilson

Conducting Moral Diplomacy

Troubles Across the Border

Toward War

The Neutrality Policy

Freedom of the Seas

The U-Boat Threat

“He Kept Us Out of War”

The Final Months of Peace

Over There

Mobilization

War in the Trenches

Over Here

The Conquest of Convictions

A Bureaucratic War

Labor in the War

The Treaty of Versailles

A Peace at Paris

Rejection in the Senate

Conclusion: Postwar Disillusionment

Measuring the Mind

Chapter 25: Transition to Modern America

Wheels for the Millions

The Second Industrial Revolution

The Automobile Industry

Patterns of Economic Growth

Economic Weaknesses

City Life in the Jazz Age

Women and the Family

The Roaring Twenties

The Flowering of the Arts

The Rural Counterattack

The Fear of Radicalism

Prohibition

The Ku Klux Klan

Immigration Restriction

The Fundamentalist Challenge

Politics of the 1920s

Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover

Republican Policies

The Divided Democrats

The Election of 1928

Conclusion: The Old and the New

Marcus Garvey: Racial Redemption and Black

Nationalism

The Scopes “Monkey” Trial: Contesting Cultural

Differences

Chapter 26: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal

The Struggle Against Despair

The Great Depression

The Great Crash

Effect of the Depression

Fighting the Depression

Hoover and Voluntarism

The Emergence

The Hundred Days

Roosevelt and Recovery

Roosevelt and Relief

Roosevelt and Reform

Challenges to FDR

Social Security

Labor Legislation

Impact of the New Deal

Rise of Organized Labor

The New Deal Record on Help to Minorities

Women at Work

End of the New Deal

The Election of 1936

The Supreme Court Fight

The New Deal in Decline

Conclusion: The New Deal and American Life

Eleanor Roosevelt and the Quest for Social Justice

Chapter 27: America and the World, 1921—1945

A Pact Without Power

Retreat, Reversal, and Rivalry

Retreat in Europe

Cooperation in Latin America

Rivalry in Asia

Isolationism

The Lure of Pacifism and Neutrality

War in Europe

The Road to War

From Neutrality to Undeclared War

Showdown in the Pacific

Turning the Tide Against the Axis

Wartime Partnerships

Halting the German Blitz

Checking Japan in the Pacific

The Home Front

The Arsenal of Democracy

A Nation on the Move

Win-the-War Politics

Victory

War Aims and Wartime Diplomacy

Triumph and Tragedy in the Pacific

Conclusion: The Transforming Power of War

The Face of the Holocaust

Chapter 28: The Onset of the Cold W