Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, Fourth Edition Book

Volume 1

PART I. PERSPECTIVES
1. Milestones in the History of Pulmonary Medicine, Alfred P. Fishman
PART II. SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF LUNG FUNCTIONIN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Section One. Architecture for Normal Lung Function
2. Functional Design of the Human Lung for Gas Exchange, Matthias Ochs & Ewald R. Weibel
3.The Respiratory Muscles, Marc Decramer
4. The Genetic, Molecular, and Cellular Basis of Lung Development, Stijn DeLanghe, Pierre Del Moral, Denise Tefft, Saverio Bellusci, & David Warburton
5. Development and Growth of the Lung, Johannes C. Schittny & Peter H. Burri
6. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Airway Smooth Muscle Physiology and Pharmacology, Reynold A. Panettieri, Jr.
7. Pulmonary Surfactant System and Alveolar Homeostasis, Jeffrey A. Whitsett & Ann D. Horowitz
8. Transport Function of Airway Epithelia and Submucosal Glands, Paul B. McCray, Jr. & Michael J. Walsh
Section Two.Physiological Principles of Normal Lung Function
9. Pulmonary Mechanics, Murray D. Altose
10. Control of Ventilation, Neil S. Cherniack
11. Ventilation, Pulmonary Blood Flow, and Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships, Peter D. Wagner
12. Diffusion, Chemical Reactions, and Diffusing Capacity, Robert A. Klocke
13. Blood-Gas Transport, Michael P. Hlastala, Erik R. Swenson, & Robert A. Klocke
14. Acid-Base Balance, Stanley Goldfarb & Kumar Sharma

Section Three. The Lungs in Different Physiological States
15.Exercise, Integration, and Adaptation, Alfred P. Fishman
16. Breathing in Exercise, Brian J. Whipp & Susan A. Ward
17.The Lungs in Pregnancy, Daniel B. Rosenbluth & John Popovish, Jr.
18.Aging of the RespiratorySystem, Edward J. Campbell
Section Four. Lung Immunology
19.Pulmonary Defense Mechanisms against Infections, Herbert Y. Reynolds and Jack A. Elias
20.Lymphocyte- and Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in the Lung, Frederic F. Little, Kevin C. Wilson, Jeffrey S. Berman, and David M. Center
21.Mast Cells and Eosinophils, Edward S. Schulman and Peter H.S. Sporn
22.Antibody-Mediated Lung Defenses and Humoral Immunodeficiency, David N. Weissman, Kenneth S. Landreth, and Nevin W. Wilson
Section Five.Lung Injury and Repair
23. Cytokines and Chemokines in Lung Inflammation and Injury, Robert M. Strieter, John A. Belperio, and Michael P. Keane
24.Leukocyte Accumulation in Pulmonary Disease, Nicholas W. Lukas and Peter A. Ward
25. Oxidative and Nitrosative Lung Injury, John D. Lang, Jr., Ian C. Davis, Rakesh P. Patel, and Sadis Matalon
26.The Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Moises Selman & Annie Pardo
PART III. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE
Section Six. Clinical Approach to the Patient
27. Approach to the Patient with Respiratory Symptoms, Darren B. Taichman and Alfred P. Fishmana
28. Skin Disease in Patients with Pulmonary Disease, Jeffrey P. Callen
29. Pulmonary-Systemic Interactions, Alfred P. Fishman
Section Seven. Diagnostic Procedures
30. Radiographic Evaluation of the Chest, Wallace T. Miller
31. Pulmonary Cytopathology, Prabodh K. Gupta and Zubair W. Baloch
32. Interventional Radiology in the Thorax: Nonvascular and Vascular Applications, Aalpen A. Patel and Scott O. Trerotola
33. Scintigraphic Evaluation of Pulmonary Disease, Abass Alavi, Daniel F. Worsley, and Ghassan El-Haddad
34.Pulmonary Function Testing, Michael A. Grippi and Gregory Tino
35. Principles and Applications of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing, Karl T. Weber and Ahmad Munir
36. Bronchoscopy, Transthoracic Needle Aspiration, and Related Procedures, Anil Vachani, Luis Seijo, Michael Unger, and Daniel Sterman
37. Thoracoscopy, Larry R. Kaiser
38. Perioperative Respiratory Considerations, Horace M. DeLisser and Michael A. Grippi
39. Evaluation of Impairment and Disability Due to Lung Disease, Paul E. Epstein
PART IV. OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES
Section Eight. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
40. Pathologic Features of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Diagnostic Criteria and Differential Diagnosis, Joanne L. Wright and Andrew Churg
41. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: EpidemiologyPathophysiology, and Pathogenesis, Robert M. Senior and Jeffrey J. Atkonson
42.Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Course and Management, Robert A. Wise
43. Cigarette Smoking and Disease, Stephen. I. Rennard, Lisa M. Hepp, and David M. Daughton
44. Rehabilitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Other RespiratoryDisorders, Andrew L. Ries
Section Nine: Asthma
45. The Biology of Asthma, Sameer K. Mathur and William W. Busse
46. Asthma: Epidemiology, Andrea J. Apter and Scott T. Weiss
47. Aspirin- and Exercise-Induced Asthma, Gregory P. Geba
48.Asthma: Clinical Presentation and Management, Rodolfo M. Pascual, JeRay J. Johnson, and Stephen P. Peteres
49. Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (Mycosis), Geoffrey Chupp and Carolyn L. Rochester
Section Ten:Other Obstructive Disorders
50. Upper Airway Obstruction in Adults, Sidney S. Braman and Muhanned A. Abu-Hijleh
51. Cystic Fibrosis, Judith Voynow and Thomas F. Scanlin
52. Bronchiolitis, Talmadge E. King, Jr. and Brent W. Kinder
53. Bullous Disease of the Lungs, David M.F. Murphy and Alfred P. Fishman
PART V. OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISORDERS
Section Eleven: Occupational and Environmental Disorders
54. Occupational Lung Disorders: General Principles and Approaches, Mridu Gulati and Carrie A. Redlich
55. Asbestos-Related Lung Disease, William N. Rom
56. Chronic Beryllium Disease and Hard-Metal Lung Diseases, Mary Elizabeth Kreider and Milton D. Rossman
57. Coal Workers’ Lung Diseases and Silicosis, Edward L. Petsonk and John E. Parker
58. Occupational Asthma, Byssinosis, and Industrial Bronchitis, J. Allen D. Cooper, Jr.
59.Acute and Chronic Responses to Toxic Inhalations, Robert P. Dickson and David A. Schwartz
Section Twelve. Environmental Disorders
60. Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution, Jonathan M. Samet and Mark J. Utell
61. High Altitude Physiology and Clinical Disorders, Sukhamay Lahiri, Santhosh M. Baby, and Camillo DiGiulio
62. Diving Injuries and Air Embolism, James A. Clark
63. Thermal Lung Injury and Acute Smoke Inhalation, Daniel L. Traber and Perenlei Enkhbaatar
PART VI: DRUG-INDUCED LUNG DISEASES
64. Pulmonary Toxicity Associated with Chemotherepeutic Agents, Lynn T. Tanoue and John R. McArdle
65. Drug-Induced Lung Disease due to Nonchemotherapeutic Agents, Hilary C. Cain

PART VII: INTERSTITIAL AND INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASES
Section Thirteen. Immunologic and Interstitial Diseases
66. Interstitial Lung Disease: A Clinical Overview and General Approach, Michael A. Nead and David G. Morris
67. Systemic Sarcoidosis, David R. Moller
68. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Eric B. Meltzer and Paul W. Noble
69. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Richard I. Enelow
70. Radiation Pneumonitis, Kenneth B. Roberts and Sara Rockwell
71. Pulmonary Manifestations of the Collagen Vascular Diseases, Gregory P. Cosgrove and Marvin I. Schwarz
72. The Eosinophilic Pneumonias, Kristina Crothers and Carolyn L. Rochester
Section Fourteen. Depositional and Infiltrative Disorders
73. Depositional Diseases of the Lungs, Robert J. Homer
74. Pulmonary Langerhan's-Cell Histiocytosis, Talmadge E. King, Jr.
75. Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, Talmadge E. King, Jr.
76. The Lungs in Patients with Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Masazuni Adachi and Francis A. Caccavo
PART VIII. ALVEOLAR DISEASES
77. Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes, Joseph P. Lynch, III and James W. Leatherman
78. Mechanisms of Aspiration Disorders, Richard D. Zorowitz
79. Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis, Bruce C. Trapnell and Jonathan Puchalski
Appendixes
Appendix A: Normal Values: Typical Values for a 20-Year-Old Seated Man
Appendix B: Terms and Symbols in Respiratory Physiology
IndexPart Nine
DISORDERS OF THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION

Chapter 82
The Pulmonary Circulation

Chapter 83
Pulmonary Hypertension and Cor Pulmonale

Chapter 84
Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease

Chapter 85
Pulmonary Edema

Chapter 86
Pulmonary Vasculitis

Chapter 87
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations
Part Ten
DISORDERS OF THE PLEURAL SPACE

Chapter 88
Pleural Fluid Dynamics and Effusions

Chapter 89
Nonmalignant Pleural Effusions

Chapter 90
Malignant Pleural Effusions

Chapter 91
Pneumothorax

Chapter 92
Malignant Mesothelioma and Other Primary Pleural Tumors
Part Eleven
DISEASES OF THE MEDIASTINUM

Chapter 93
The Mediastinum: Overview, Anatomy, and Diagnostic Approach

Chapter 94
Nonneoplastic Disorders of the Mediastinum

Chapter 95
Congenital Cysts of the Mediastinum: Bronchopulmonary Foregut Anomalies

Chapter 96
Acquired Lesions of the Mediastinum: Benign and Malignant
Part Twelve
DISORDERS OF THE CHEST WALL, DIAPHRAGM, AND SPINE

Chapter 97
Nonmuscular Diseases of the Chest Wall

Chapter 98
Effects of Neuromuscular Diseases on Ventilation

Chapter 99
Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Neuromuscular Diseases
Part Thirteen
SLEEP AND SLEEP DISORDERS

Chapter 100
The Stages of Sleep

Chapter 101
Changes in the Cardiorespiratory System during Sleep

Chapter 102
Sleep Apnea Syndromes

Chapter 103
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Sleepiness
Part Fourteen
SURGICAL ASPECTS OF PULMONARY MEDICINE

Chapter 104
Perioperative Care of the Patient Undergoing Lung Resection

Chapter 105
Thoracic Trauma


Chapter 106
Lung Transplantation
Part Fifteen
NEOPLASMS OF THE LUNGS
Section 15
Cancer of the Lungs

Chapter 107
Genetic and Molecular Changes of Human Lung Cancer

Chapter 108
Epidemiology of Lung Cancer

Chapter 109
Cigarette Smoking and Health Policy

Chapter 110
The Solitary Pulmonary Nodule: A Systemic Approach

Chapter 111
The Pathology of Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Chapter 112
Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer—Clinical Aspects, Diagnosis, Staging, andNatural History

Chapter 113
Part I: Treatment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Surgical
Part II: Treatment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Chemotherapy
Part III: Treatment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Radiation Therapy

Chapter 114
Small Cell Lung Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Natural History

Chapter 115
Primary Lung Tumors Other Than Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Benign and Malignant

Chapter 116
Extrapulmonary Syndromes Associated with Lung Tumors

Chapter 117
Pulmonary Metastases
Section 16
Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Chapter 118
Lymphoproliferative and Hematologic Diseases Involving the Lung
Part Sixteen
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE LUNGS
Section 17
General Issues

Chapter 119
Microbial Flora and Colonization of the Respiratory Tract

Chapter 120
Pulmonary Clearance of Infectious Agents

Chapter 121
Approach to the Patient with Pulmonary Infections

Chapter 122
Principles of Antibiotic Use and the Selection of Empiric Therapy for Pneumonia

Chapter 123
Local Therapy and Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics in the Lungs

Chapter 124
Vaccination for Pulmonary Infections

Chapter 125
Microbial Virulence Factors in Pulmonary Infections
Section 18
Pulmonary Infectious Syndromes

Chapter 126
Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract

Chapter 127
Acute Bronchitis and Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Chapter 128
Pneumonia in Childhood

Chapter 129
Aspiration Disease and Anaerobic Infection

Chapter 130
Empyema and Lung Abscess

Chapter 131
Mediastinitis

Chapter 132
Bronchiectasis

Chapter 133
Systemic Infection, the Sepsis Syndrome, and the Lungs
Section 19
Special Hosts and Opportunistic Infections

Chapter 134
Introduction: Pulmonary Infection in Special Hosts

Chapter 135
HIV Infection and Opportunistic Pulmonary Infections in AIDS

Chapter 136
Pulmonary Infections in Neutropenia and Cancer

Chapter 137
Respiratory Disease in Bone Marrow and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Chapter 138
Pneumonia in the Organ Transplant Patient

Chapter 139
Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Primary Immune Defects

Chapter 140
Postoperative Pneumonia

Chapter 141
Respiratory Infections in the Economically Disadvantaged
Section 20
Specific Microorganisms

Chapter 142
Pneumonias Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria

Chapter 143
Nosocomial Respiratory Tract Infections and Gram-Negative Pneumonia
Chapter 144
Legionellosis

Chapter 145
Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, and “Atypical Pneumonias”

Chapter 146
Actinomycosis and Nocardiosis

Chapter 147
Aspergillus Syndromes, Mucormycosis,and Pulmonary Candidiasis

Chapter 148
Endemic Mycoses of North America: Histoplasmosis, Coccidioidomycosis, andBlastomycosis

Chapter 149
Cryptococcal Infections

Chapter 150
Pneumocystis Carinii

Chapter 151
Viral Infections of the Lung and Respiratory Tract

Chapter 152
The Lung in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Chapter 153
Emerging Infectious Diseases and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndromev
Chapter 154
Poliovirus and Other Enterovirus Infections

Chapter 155
Protozoan Infections of the Thorax

Chapter 156
Helminthic Diseases of the Lungs

Chapter 157
Zoonotic and Other Unusual Bacterial Pneumonias
Section 21
Mycobacterial Infections

Chapter 158
The Epidemiology, Transmission, and Prevention of Tuberculosis in the United States

Chapter 159
The Microbiology of the Mycobacteria

Chapter 160
Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Chapter 161
Screening for Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in High-Risk Populations

Chapter 162
Clinical Presentation and Treatment of Tuberculosis

Chapter 163
Mycobacterial Infections and HIV Infection

Chapter 164
Diseases due to Mycobacteria Other than Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Part Seventeen
ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
Section 22
Lung Failure

Chapter 165
Respiratory Failure: An Overview

Chapter 166
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome:Pathogenesis

Chapter 167
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Clinical Features, Management, and Outcome

Chapter 168
The Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and the Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Chapter 169
Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Newborn Infants

Chapter 170
Acute Respiratory Failure in the Surgical Patient
Section 23
Respiratory Pump Failure

Chapter 171
Pump Failure: The Pathogenesis of Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure in Patientswith Lung and Chest Wall Disease
Section 24
Management and Therapeutic Interventions

Chapter 172
Oxygen Therapy and Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

Chapter 173
Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy

Chapter 174
Intubation and Upper Airway Management

Chapter 175
Hemodynamic and Respiratory Monitoring in Acute Respiratory Failure

Chapter 176
Mechanical Ventilation: Conventional Modes and Settings

Chapter 177
Mechanical Ventilation: Physiological Considerations and New Ventilatory Techniques

Chapter 178
Nutrition in Acute Respiratory Failure

Chapter 179
Treatment of Agitation and Distress in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Chapter 180
Decision Making in the Intensive Care Unit

Chapter 181
Ethics in the Intensive Care Unit

Chapter 182
Prevention and Control of Lung Disease

APPENDIXES
Appendix A
Respiratory Questionnaire
Appendix B
Normal Values B-1
Appendix C
Terms and Symbols in Respiratory Physiology C-1
INDEX I-1